{"id":442686,"date":"2026-06-04T15:49:24","date_gmt":"2026-06-04T07:49:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/?p=442686"},"modified":"2026-06-02T15:51:05","modified_gmt":"2026-06-02T07:51:05","slug":"mysql-vs-postgresql%ef%bc%9a2026%e5%b9%b4%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%bb%ba%e7%ab%99%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e8%af%a5%e6%80%8e%e4%b9%88%e9%80%89%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/442686\/","title":{"rendered":"MySQL vs PostgreSQL\uff1a2026\u5e74\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5efa\u7ad9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u9009\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u642d\u5efa\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u548c\u957f\u671f\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c\u3002MySQL\u548cPostgreSQL\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4e24\u6b3e\u5f00\u6e90\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5e2e\u4f60\u7406\u6e05\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u505a\u51fa\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684\u9009\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e00\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u7279\u6027<\/th>\n<th>MySQL 8.0<\/th>\n<th>PostgreSQL 16<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5f00\u6e90\u534f\u8bae<\/td>\n<td>GPL\uff08\u5546\u7528\u9700\u6388\u6743\uff09<\/td>\n<td>PostgreSQL License\uff08\u5b8c\u5168\u5f00\u6e90\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ACID\u5408\u89c4\u6027<\/td>\n<td>\u5b8c\u6574\u652f\u6301\uff08InnoDB\u5f15\u64ce\uff09<\/td>\n<td>\u5b8c\u6574\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>JSON\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n<td>\u57fa\u7840JSON\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>\n<td>\u539f\u751fJSONB\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u67e5\u8be2\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5168\u6587\u68c0\u7d22<\/td>\n<td>\u6709\u9650\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n<td>\u5185\u7f6e\u5f3a\u5927\u5168\u6587\u68c0\u7d22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5e76\u53d1\u63a7\u5236<\/td>\n<td>\u9501\u673a\u5236\uff08\u5199\u591a\u65f6\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\uff09<\/td>\n<td>MVCC\uff08\u591a\u7248\u672c\u5e76\u53d1\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u8bfb\u5199\u4e0d\u4e92\u9501\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2<\/td>\n<td>\u4e00\u822c<\/td>\n<td>\u4f18\u79c0\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u7a97\u53e3\u51fd\u6570\u3001CTE\u3001\u9012\u5f52\u67e5\u8be2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8bfb\u6027\u80fd<\/td>\n<td>\u7b80\u5355\u67e5\u8be2\u6781\u5feb<\/td>\n<td>\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2\u66f4\u4f18<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u793e\u533a\u6d3b\u8dc3\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>\u6781\u9ad8<\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8\uff0c\u589e\u957f\u8fc5\u901f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u4e8c\u3001\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n<h3>\u9009MySQL\u7684\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>WordPress \/ WooCommerce \u5efa\u7ad9<\/strong>\uff1aWordPress\u539f\u751f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u57fa\u4e8eMySQL\uff0c\u751f\u6001\u5168\u9762\uff0c\u63d2\u4ef6\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u6700\u597d<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8bfb\u591a\u5199\u5c11\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u7ad9<\/strong>\uff1a\u535a\u5ba2\u3001\u65b0\u95fb\u3001\u5c55\u793a\u7ad9\uff0cMySQL\u7b80\u5355\u67e5\u8be2\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u56e2\u961f\u719f\u6089MySQL<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd0\u7ef4\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\uff0c\u9047\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u591a<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e2d\u5c0f\u578b\u7535\u5546<\/strong>\uff1a\u7ed3\u5408Redis\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u80fd\u652f\u6491\u76f8\u5f53\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u5e76\u53d1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u9009PostgreSQL\u7684\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u590d\u6742\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91<\/strong>\uff1a\u8d22\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001ERP\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u590d\u6742JOIN\u548c\u805a\u5408\u67e5\u8be2<\/li>\n<li><strong>GIS\u5730\u7406\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\uff1aPostGIS\u6269\u5c55\u662f\u5730\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6807\u51c6<\/li>\n<li><strong>JSON\/\u534a\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\uff1aJSONB\u7c7b\u578b\u652f\u6301\u9ad8\u6548\u7d22\u5f15\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u63a5\u8fd1NoSQL\u7075\u6d3b\u6027<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u8bfb\u5199\u6df7\u5408<\/strong>\uff1aMVCC\u673a\u5236\u5728\u8bfb\u5199\u5e76\u53d1\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a<\/li>\n<li><strong>Django \/ Python \u9879\u76ee<\/strong>\uff1aDjango\u5b98\u65b9\u66f4\u63a8\u8350PostgreSQL<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u4e09\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u57fa\u51c6\u53c2\u8003<\/h2>\n<p>\u57282\u68384G\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u57fa\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff08sysbench OLTP\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\n<th>MySQL 8.0\uff08TPS\uff09<\/th>\n<th>PostgreSQL 16\uff08TPS\uff09<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7b80\u5355SELECT\uff08\u5355\u8868\uff09<\/td>\n<td>28,500<\/td>\n<td>22,300<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u590d\u6742JOIN\uff083\u8868\uff09<\/td>\n<td>3,200<\/td>\n<td>5,800<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>INSERT\u5e76\u53d1\uff08100\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff09<\/td>\n<td>12,000<\/td>\n<td>15,500<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>UPDATE\u5e76\u53d1\uff08100\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff09<\/td>\n<td>8,500<\/td>\n<td>11,200<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u7b80\u5355\u67e5\u8be2MySQL\u66f4\u5feb\uff1b\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u5199\u5165PostgreSQL\u66f4\u5f3a\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u56db\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e<\/h2>\n<h3>Ubuntu 22.04 \u5b89\u88c5MySQL 8.0<\/h3>\n<pre><code>apt install mysql-server -y\r\nmysql_secure_installation  # \u5b89\u5168\u521d\u59cb\u5316\r\nsystemctl enable mysql<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>Ubuntu 22.04 \u5b89\u88c5PostgreSQL 16<\/h3>\n<pre><code>apt install postgresql postgresql-contrib -y\r\nsystemctl enable postgresql\r\n\r\n# \u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7528\u6237\r\nsudo -u postgres psql\r\nCREATE USER myuser WITH PASSWORD '\u5bc6\u7801';\r\nCREATE DATABASE mydb OWNER myuser;<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u4e94\u3001\u8fc1\u79fb\u6210\u672c\u8003\u91cf<\/h2>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5df2\u5728\u8fd0\u884cMySQL\uff1a\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230PostgreSQL\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u8bed\u6cd5\u5dee\u5f02\uff08\u5982\u81ea\u589e\u5b57\u6bb5\u3001\u65e5\u671f\u51fd\u6570\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u5f3a\u884c\u8fc1\u79fb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\uff1a\u63a8\u8350\u6309\u4e1a\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8ddf\u98ce\u9009\u62e9\"\u66f4\u6d41\u884c\"\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u516d\u3001\u9009\u578b\u51b3\u7b56\u6811<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728\u7528WordPress\/WooCommerce \u2192 <strong>MySQL<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u9700\u8981GIS\u5730\u7406\u6570\u636e \u2192 <strong>PostgreSQL + PostGIS<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Python\/Django\u9879\u76ee \u2192 <strong>PostgreSQL<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>PHP\/Laravel\u9879\u76ee \u2192 <strong>\u4e24\u8005\u5747\u53ef\uff0cMySQL\u66f4\u6613\u90e8\u7f72<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1OLTP\u4e1a\u52a1 \u2192 <strong>PostgreSQL<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u7b80\u5355\u5185\u5bb9\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf \u2192 <strong>MySQL<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u4e03\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>MySQL\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5efa\u7ad9\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662fWordPress\u751f\u6001\uff1bPostgreSQL\u5728\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u8bfb\u5199\u4e0a\u6709\u660e\u663e\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u66f4\u597d\u9009\u62e9\u3002IDC.Net\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/idc.net\/cloud-hk\/\">\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a>\u652f\u6301\u4e00\u952e\u5b89\u88c5LNMP\uff08MySQL\uff09\u6216LNPP\uff08PostgreSQL\uff09\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4f60\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u6c42\u7075\u6d3b\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u642d\u5efa\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u548c\u957f\u671f\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c\u3002MySQL\u548cPostgreSQL\u662f\u76ee [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7038],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-442686","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/442686","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=442686"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/442686\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":442687,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/442686\/revisions\/442687"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=442686"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=442686"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=442686"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}