{"id":441722,"date":"2025-05-26T23:38:59","date_gmt":"2025-05-26T15:38:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.idc.net\/help\/?p=441722"},"modified":"2025-05-26T23:38:59","modified_gmt":"2025-05-26T15:38:59","slug":"%e6%b7%b1%e5%85%a5%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3mysql%e4%ba%8b%e5%8a%a1%e6%9c%ba%e5%88%b6%ef%bc%9aacid%e7%89%b9%e6%80%a7%e4%b8%8e%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/441722\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3MySQL\u4e8b\u52a1\u673a\u5236\uff1aACID\u7279\u6027\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u5b9e\u8df5"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u524d\u8a00<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8b\u52a1\uff08Transaction\uff09\u662f\u4fdd\u969c\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u7535\u5546\u652f\u4ed8\u3001\u94f6\u884c\u8f6c\u8d26\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8b\u52a1\u90fd\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u4e0d\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u5256\u6790MySQL\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u5176ACID\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408InnoDB\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5e94\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e8b\u52a1\uff1f<\/h2>\n

\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e8b\u52a1\u6307\u7684\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u903b\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c\u5355\u5143\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4SQL\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u8981\u4e48\u5168\u90e8\u6267\u884c\u6210\u529f\u5e76\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u56e0\u67d0\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\u51fa\u9519\u800c\u6574\u4f53\u56de\u6eda\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e0d\u4ec5\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u9632\u6b62\u6570\u636e\u51fa\u73b0\u201c\u534a\u66f4\u65b0\u201d\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u5f20\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4e8b\u52a1\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u8d26\u6237\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a<\/p>\n

CREATE TABLE `account` (\r\n  `id` bigint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '\u4e3b\u952e',\r\n  `card` varchar(60) NOT NULL COMMENT '\u5361\u53f7',\r\n  `balance` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '\u4f59\u989d',\r\n  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),\r\n  UNIQUE KEY `account_u1` (`card`) USING BTREE\r\n) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='\u8d26\u6237\u8868';\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n
\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u56db\u5927\u7279\u6027\uff08ACID\uff09<\/h2>\n
\u5728MySQL\u4e2d\uff0cInnoDB\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u5168\u9762\u652f\u6301\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u5177\u5907ACID\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u539f\u5b50\u6027\uff08Atomicity\uff09\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff08Consistency\uff09\u3001\u9694\u79bb\u6027\uff08Isolation\uff09\u4e0e\u6301\u4e45\u6027\uff08Durability\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n
1. \u539f\u5b50\u6027\uff08Atomicity\uff09<\/h3>\n
\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u5fc5\u987b\u5168\u90e8\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u6761SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u6267\u884c\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5fc5\u987b\u56de\u6eda\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8f6c\u8d26\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n
BEGIN;\r\nUPDATE account SET balance = balance - 100 WHERE card = \"A\";\r\nUPDATE account SET balance = balance + 100 WHERE card = \"B\";\r\nCOMMIT;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u6b65\u51fa\u9519\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u72b6\u6001\u5c06\u6062\u590d\u81f3\u4e8b\u52a1\u5f00\u59cb\u524d\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff08Consistency\uff09<\/h3>\n
\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u6cd5\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u66f4\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u6cd5\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0ccard<\/code>\u5b57\u6bb5\u8bbe\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u63d2\u5165\u91cd\u590d\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n
INSERT INTO account(card, balance) values (\"A\", 1000);\r\n-- \u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\uff1aDuplicate entry 'A' for key 'account_u1'\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u65e2\u4f9d\u8d56\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u903b\u8f91\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
3. \u9694\u79bb\u6027\uff08Isolation\uff09<\/h3>\n
\u9694\u79bb\u6027\u4fdd\u8bc1\u591a\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e92\u76f8\u5e72\u6270\u3002MySQL\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9694\u79bb\u7ea7\u522b\uff08\u5982READ COMMITTED\u3001REPEATABLE READ\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u9501\u673a\u5236\u6765\u907f\u514d\u810f\u8bfb\u3001\u5e7b\u8bfb\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
4. \u6301\u4e45\u6027\uff08Durability\uff09<\/h3>\n
\u4e00\u65e6\u4e8b\u52a1\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u4f1a\u88ab\u6c38\u4e45\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u91cd\u542f\u6216\u53d1\u751f\u6545\u969c\u4e5f\u80fd\u6062\u590d\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u4e3b\u8981\u9762\u5411\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u8fd8\u9700\u501f\u52a9\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\u6216\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7b49\u5916\u90e8\u65b9\u6848\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
InnoDB\u652f\u6301\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n
MySQL InnoDB\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u79cd\u4e8b\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u6241\u5e73\u4e8b\u52a1<\/strong>\uff1a\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7531 BEGIN<\/code> \u548c COMMIT<\/code> \u5305\u88f9\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5355\u5143\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u5e26\u4fdd\u5b58\u70b9\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7 SAVEPOINT<\/code> \u4e0e ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT<\/code> \u53ef\u56de\u6eda\u81f3\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. \u94fe\u4e8b\u52a1<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u63d0\u4ea4\u540e\u7acb\u5373\u542f\u52a8\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e completion_type = 1<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
  4. \u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u4e8b\u52a1<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u590d\u6742\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u8de8\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u90e8\u7f72\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u867d\u7136MySQL\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u5d4c\u5957\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u8fc7\u4fdd\u5b58\u70b9\u673a\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
    \u4e8b\u52a1\u63a7\u5236\u8bed\u53e5\u8be6\u89e3<\/h2>\n
    \u5f00\u542f\u4e8b\u52a1<\/h3>\n
    START TRANSACTION;\r\n-- \u6216 BEGIN;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u8bbf\u95ee\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n
    START TRANSACTION READ ONLY;\r\nSTART TRANSACTION READ WRITE;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5728\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528 START TRANSACTION<\/code> \u907f\u514d\u4e0e BEGIN...END<\/code> \u6df7\u6dc6\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u63d0\u4ea4\u4e0e\u56de\u6eda\u4e8b\u52a1<\/h3>\n
    COMMIT;\r\nROLLBACK;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    MySQL \u9ed8\u8ba4\u542f\u7528\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6bcf\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6761 SQL \u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 SET autocommit=0;<\/code> \u624b\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u624b\u52a8\u63a7\u5236\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u67d0\u4e9b\u8bed\u53e5\uff08\u5982 CREATE<\/code>\u3001ALTER<\/code>\u3001DROP<\/code>\uff09\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u9690\u5f0f\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u5e94\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
    \u5e94\u7528\u5efa\u8bae\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9009\u62e9<\/h2>\n
    \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e1a\u52a1\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u63a7\u5236\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4fdd\u969c\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5e26\u5bbd\u4f18\u8d8a\u3001\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4f4e\uff0c\u53ef\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u4ea4\u6613\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u5c0f\u578b\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u53ef\u5728\u6210\u672c\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\u95f4\u53d6\u5f97\u826f\u597d\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u5e76\u652f\u6301\u5f39\u6027\u8d44\u6e90\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e8b\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u652f\u6491\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
    \u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n
    \u4e8b\u52a1\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u673a\u5236\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u638c\u63e1ACID\u7279\u6027\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8b\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\u53ca\u5176\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\u4e8b\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e3a\u9ad8\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u4fdd\u9a7e\u62a4\u822a\u3002\u5982\u9700\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67b6\u6784\u53ca\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong><\/a>\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8bf7\u6301\u7eed\u5173\u6ce8\u672c\u7ad9\u5185\u5bb9\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u7acb\u5373\u524d\u5f80\u540e\u6d6a\u4e91<\/a>\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u4f18\u8d28\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e0e\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    \u524d\u8a00 \u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8b\u52a1\uff08Transaction\uff09\u662f\u4fdd\u969c\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u7535\u5546\u652f […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7038],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-441722","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/441722","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=441722"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/441722\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=441722"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=441722"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=441722"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}