{"id":441628,"date":"2025-05-14T09:24:21","date_gmt":"2025-05-14T01:24:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.idc.net\/help\/?p=441628"},"modified":"2025-05-14T09:31:31","modified_gmt":"2025-05-14T01:31:31","slug":"%e6%b7%b1%e5%85%a5%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3-mysql-%e7%b4%a2%e5%bc%95%e4%b8%8e%e4%ba%8b%e5%8a%a1%ef%bc%9a%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e4%b8%8e%e4%b8%80%e8%87%b4%e6%80%a7%e7%9a%84%e5%8f%8c%e9%87%8d%e4%bf%9d%e9%9a%9c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/441628\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3 MySQL \u7d22\u5f15\u4e0e\u4e8b\u52a1\uff1a\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u4fdd\u969c"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u5f15\u8a00<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528 MySQL \u6784\u5efa\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u3001\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6280\u672f\u56e2\u961f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c<strong>\u7d22\u5f15<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u4e8b\u52a1\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u7684\u5408\u7406\u8fd0\u7528\u662f\u4fdd\u969c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e0e\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bb2\u89e3 MySQL \u7d22\u5f15\u4e0e\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\u6848\u4f8b\u5256\u6790\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u90e8\u7f72\u5728<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f18\u5316\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u4e00\u3001MySQL \u7d22\u5f15\uff1a\u52a0\u901f\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u5229\u5668<\/h2>\n<h3>1. \u7d22\u5f15\u673a\u5236\u6982\u89c8<\/h3>\n<p>MySQL \u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7d22\u5f15\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3a B+ \u6811\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u6709\u5e8f\u5b58\u50a8\u952e\u503c\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u7ef4\u62a4\u6307\u9488\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf\u7684\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u662f\u63d0\u5347\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u5177\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2. \u5e38\u89c1\u7d22\u5f15\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u6848\u4f8b\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n<h4>\uff081\uff09\u5355\u5217\u7d22\u5f15<\/h4>\n<p>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e00\u5b57\u6bb5\u9891\u7e41\u53c2\u4e0e\u67e5\u8be2\u6216\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">CREATE INDEX idx_email ON users(email);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u6848\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53 <code>users<\/code> \u8868\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u767e\u4e07\u7ea7\u522b\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u540e\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u67e5\u8be2\u901f\u5ea6\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">SELECT * FROM users WHERE email = 'test@example.com';\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\uff082\uff09\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15<\/h4>\n<p>\u5f53\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ecf\u5e38\u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u80fd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">CREATE INDEX idx_name_email ON users(name, email);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u6848\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">SELECT * FROM users WHERE name = 'Alice' AND email = 'alice@example.com';\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6bd4\u4e24\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7d22\u5f15\u7ec4\u5408\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\uff083\uff09\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15<\/h4>\n<p>\u7528\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u5b57\u6bb5\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u5347\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6548\u7387\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">CREATE UNIQUE INDEX idx_unique_email ON users(email);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u63d2\u5165\u91cd\u590d\u503c\u65f6\u5c06\u76f4\u63a5\u629b\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4fdd\u969c\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3. \u7d22\u5f15\u4f18\u5316\u5efa\u8bae<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5408\u7406\u9009\u62e9\u7d22\u5f15\u5217<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f18\u5148\u4e3a\u9ad8\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7684\u5217\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u5ea6\u7d22\u5f15<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fc7\u591a\u7d22\u5f15\u4f1a\u62d6\u6162\u5199\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5b9a\u671f\u7ef4\u62a4\u7d22\u5f15<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 <code>OPTIMIZE TABLE<\/code> \u4f18\u5316\u788e\u7247\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p>\u82e5\u60a8\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u90e8\u7f72\u5728<strong>\u9999\u6e2fvps<\/strong>\u6216<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u4e0a\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\u8bfb\u5199\u6bd4\u4f8b\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u7d22\u5f15\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u9002\u914d\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u533a\u57df\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e60\u60ef\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u4e8c\u3001MySQL \u4e8b\u52a1\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u53ef\u9760\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u7840<\/h2>\n<h3>1. \u4e8b\u52a1\u673a\u5236\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e8b\u52a1\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u539f\u5b50\u6027 SQL \u64cd\u4f5c\u96c6\u5408\u3002MySQL \u652f\u6301 ACID \u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3001\u9694\u79bb\u6027\u3001\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e8b\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u95f4\u72b6\u6001\u6cc4\u9732\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u591a\u6b65\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u3001\u8ba2\u5355\u3001\u652f\u4ed8\u7b49\u4e1a\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2. \u4e8b\u52a1\u64cd\u4f5c\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n<h4>\uff081\uff09\u663e\u5f0f\u4e8b\u52a1<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">BEGIN;\r\nUPDATE accounts SET balance = balance - 100 WHERE account_id = 1;\r\nUPDATE accounts SET balance = balance + 100 WHERE account_id = 2;\r\nCOMMIT;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u4e2d\u9014\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u53ef <code>ROLLBACK<\/code>\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u8f6c\u8d26\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\uff082\uff09\u9690\u5f0f\u4e8b\u52a1<\/h4>\n<p>\u5982\u5355\u6761 <code>INSERT<\/code>\u3001<code>UPDATE<\/code>\u3001<code>DELETE<\/code> \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1\u4e8b\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">INSERT INTO logs (user_id, action) VALUES (3, 'login');\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>3. \u4e8b\u52a1\u9694\u79bb\u7ea7\u522b\u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><code>READ COMMITTED<\/code>\uff1a\u89e3\u51b3\u810f\u8bfb\u95ee\u9898\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>REPEATABLE READ<\/code>\uff1a\u9632\u6b62\u4e0d\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u8bfb\uff0c\u662f MySQL \u9ed8\u8ba4\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>SERIALIZABLE<\/code>\uff1a\u6700\u9ad8\u9694\u79bb\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u6781\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u5199\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u6848\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a\u8ba2\u5355\u66f4\u65b0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u907f\u514d\u8ba2\u5355\u91d1\u989d\u7a81\u53d8\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>REPEATABLE READ<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>4. \u4e8b\u52a1\u4f18\u5316\u5efa\u8bae<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u63a7\u5236\u4e8b\u52a1\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u957f\u4e8b\u52a1\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u660e\u786e\u9694\u79bb\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u5e73\u8861\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u907f\u514d\u6b7b\u9501\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u9501\u8d44\u6e90\u6709\u5e8f\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u4e09\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0e\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u534f\u540c\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u4e8b\u52a1\u5f80\u5f80\u8054\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e3a\u7535\u5546\u4e0b\u5355\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">BEGIN;\r\nUPDATE products SET stock = stock - 1 WHERE product_id = 101;\r\nINSERT INTO orders (order_id, product_id, quantity) VALUES (1001, 101, 1);\r\nCOMMIT;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f18\u5316\u5e93\u5b58\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u53ef\u521b\u5efa\u5982\u4e0b\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">CREATE INDEX idx_product_id ON products(product_id);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u90e8\u7f72\u6b64\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7 SSD \u4f18\u5316\u78c1\u76d8 IO\uff0c\u4e0e MySQL \u7d22\u5f15\u673a\u5236\u534f\u540c\u63d0\u5347\u6574\u4f53\u541e\u5410\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u7ed3\u8bed<\/h2>\n<p>MySQL \u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0e\u4e8b\u52a1\u662f\u63d0\u5347\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u3002\u7d22\u5f15\u4f18\u5316\u67e5\u8be2\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e8b\u52a1\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ed3\u6784\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u52a8\u6001\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90e8\u7f72\u5728<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u7528\u6237\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7075\u6d3b\u5e94\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5236\u5c06\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u4f18\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f39\u6027\u3002\u60f3\u8981\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\uff1f\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 <a href=\"https:\/\/idc.net\/\">\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u53ca\u5168\u7403\u7528\u6237\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5f15\u8a00 \u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528 MySQL \u6784\u5efa\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u3001\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u5e94 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7038],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-441628","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/441628","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=441628"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/441628\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=441628"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=441628"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=441628"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}