{"id":351168,"date":"2022-02-20T09:44:31","date_gmt":"2022-02-20T01:44:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.idc.net\/help\/351168\/"},"modified":"2022-02-20T09:44:31","modified_gmt":"2022-02-20T01:44:31","slug":"%e5%93%aa%e4%b8%aa%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e7%bb%8f%e5%be%97%e8%b5%b7%e8%bf%99%e6%a0%b7%e7%9a%84%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/351168\/","title":{"rendered":"\u54ea\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ecf\u5f97\u8d77\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4f18\u5316\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

[[355615]]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u8f6c\u8f7d\u81ea\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u300c\u7801\u7816\u6742\u5f79\u300d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u6211\u4e0d\u60f3\u79cd\u5730 \u3002\u8f6c\u8f7d\u672c\u6587\u8bf7\u8054\u7cfb\u7801\u7816\u6742\u5f79\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u3002  <\/p>\n

#  \u4e00\u3001\u601d\u7ef4\u5bfc\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

# \u4e8c\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u6307\u5728\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u8fd0\u884c\u5f97\u66f4\u5feb\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u66f4\u77ed\uff0c\u6216\u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

## \u5173\u6ce8<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u5173\u6ce8\u8fd0\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6e38\u620f\u5f15\u64ce\u6ce8\u91cd\u6e32\u67d3\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u800c\u670d\u52a1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8ffd\u6c42\u541e\u5410\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5355\u673a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5c55\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u5355\u673a\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u63d0\u5347\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5c55\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6c34\u5e73\u65b9\u5411\u53ef\u4ee5\u65e0\u9650\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5c55\u540e\u5f80\u5f80\u9762\u4e34\u901a\u4fe1\u6210\u672c\u98d9\u9ad8(\u751a\u81f3\u74f6\u9888)\uff0c\u5355\u673a\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

## \u6307\u6807<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8861\u91cf\u5355\u673a\u6027\u80fd\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1aQPS(Query Per Second)\u3001TPS\u3001OPS\u3001IOPS\u3001\u6700\u5927\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u6570\u7b49\u8bc4\u4f30\u541e\u5410\u7684\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n

CPU\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\uff0c\u4f1a\u628a\u6307\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f1a\u641e\u6307\u4ee4Pipeline\uff0c\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u5347\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u6279\u5904\u7406(\u6512\u5305)\u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u8ddfCPU\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77Latency\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\u589e\u52a0\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5ef6\u8fdf(Latency)\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u541e\u5410\u548c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n

\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u8fc7\u9ad8\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5f80\u5f80\u53d8\u6210\uff1a\u8ffd\u6c42\u53ef\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5ef6\u8fdf(Latency)\u4e0b\u7684\u6700\u5927\u541e\u5410(Throughput)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5ef6\u8fdf(\u4e5f\u53eb\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\uff1aRT)\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6ce2\u52a8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u5ef6\u53bb\u8bc4\u4f30\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u5ef6\u662f\u4e0d\u591f\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u6bd4\u598280%\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u572810\u6beb\u79d2\u4ee5\u5185\u5f97\u5230\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4f4620%\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u5ef6\u8d85\u8fc72\u79d2\uff0c\u800c\u8fd920%\u7684\u9ad8\u5ef6\u8fdf\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u6295\u8bc9\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u6539\u8fdb\u63aa\u65bd\u662f\u4f7f\u7528TP90\u3001TP99\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u53d6\u5e73\u5747\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9700\u786e\u4fdd\u6392\u5e8f\u540e90%\u300199%\u8bf7\u6c42\u6ee1\u8db3\u65f6\u5ef6\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387(CPU)\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u5e26\u5bbd\u3001\u78c1\u76d8IO\u7b49\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

# \u4e09\u3001\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u80fd\u7f16\u5199\u8fd0\u884c\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u505a\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u8bb2\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u60f3\u8981\u5413\u963b\u60f3\u505a\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5b9e\u4e8b\u6c42\u662f\u8bb2\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u65e2\u9700\u8981\u624e\u5b9e\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u53c8\u9700\u8981\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4f60\u624d\u80fd\u5177\u5907case by case\u5206\u6790\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed9\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u6211\u66f4\u613f\u610f\u591a\u82b1\u4e9b\u7bc7\u5e45\u8bb2\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u6211\u575a\u6301\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5e95\u5c42\u57fa\u7840\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u5e76\u638c\u63e1\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u524d\u63d0\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u82b1\u8d39\u4e00\u4e9b\u65f6\u95f4\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6839\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n

## CPU\u67b6\u6784<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3CPU\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u8fd0\u7b97\u5355\u5143\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5355\u5143\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u5355\u5143\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u65e2\u5404\u53f8\u5176\u804c\u53c8\u76f8\u4e92\u914d\u5408\u5b8c\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3CPU\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0cCPU\u5982\u4f55\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u6570\u636e\u603b\u7ebf\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u603b\u7ebf\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u603b\u7ebf\u7684\u533a\u522b\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u6307\u4ee4\u5468\u671f\uff1a\u53d6\u6307\u3001\u8bd1\u6307\u3001\u6267\u884c\u3001\u5199\u56de\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3CPU Pipeline\uff0c\u8d85\u6807\u91cf\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\uff0c\u4e71\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u591aCPU\u3001\u591a\u6838\u5fc3\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u6838\u3001\u8d85\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3001\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3001\u534f\u7a0b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n

## \u5b58\u50a8\u91d1\u5b57\u5854<\/strong><\/p>\n

CPU\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u8bbf\u5b58\u901f\u5ea6\u76f8\u5dee200\u500d\uff0c\u9ad8\u901f\u7f13\u5b58\u8de8\u8d8a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9e3f\u6c9f\u7684\u6865\u6881\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u5b58\u50a8\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u601d\u7ef4\u57fa\u4e8e\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u79f0\u4e3a\u5c40\u90e8\u6027\u539f\u7406(principle of locality)\uff0c\u5b83\u5bf9\u8f6f\u786c\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u6709\u7740\u6781\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c40\u90e8\u6027\u53c8\u5206\u4e3a\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c40\u90e8\u6027\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u5c40\u90e8\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

### \u7f13\u5b58<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u73b0\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e00\u822c\u6709L1-L2-L3\u4e09\u7ea7\u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u6bcf\u4e2aCPU\u6838\u5fc3\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684L1\u3001L2\u9ad8\u901f\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5L1\u548cL2\u662fon-chip\u7f13\u5b58;L3\u662f\u591a\u4e2aCPU\u6838\u5fc3\u5171\u4eab\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u662foff-chip\u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n

L1\u7f13\u5b58\u53c8\u5206\u4e3ai-cache(\u6307\u4ee4\u7f13\u5b58)\u548cd-cache(\u6570\u636e\u7f13\u5b58)\uff0cL1\u7f13\u5b58\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u670932K\/64KB\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u9ad8\u8fbe4 cycles\u3002<\/p>\n

L2\u7f13\u5b58\u80fd\u5230256KB\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u57288 cycles\u5de6\u53f3\u3002<\/p>\n

L3\u5219\u9ad8\u8fbe30MB\uff0c\u901f\u5ea632 cycles\u5de6\u53f3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800c\u5185\u5b58\u9ad8\u8fbe\u6570G\uff0c\u8bbf\u5b58\u65f6\u5ef6\u5219\u5728200 cycles\u5de6\u53f3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5CPU->\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668->L1->L2->L3->\u5185\u5b58->\u78c1\u76d8\u6784\u6210\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8d8a\u9760\u8fd1CPU\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u5bb9\u91cf\u8d8a\u5c0f\u3001\u901f\u5ea6\u8d8a\u5feb\u3001\u5355\u4f4d\u6210\u672c\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fdc\u79bbCPU\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u5bb9\u91cf\u8d8a\u5927\u3001\u901f\u5ea6\u8d8a\u6162\u3001\u5355\u4f4d\u6210\u672c\u8d8a\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n

### \u865a\u62df\u5b58\u50a8\u5668(VM)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u76842\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u62bd\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u4eabCPU\u548c\u4e3b\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u5b58\u50a8\u662f\u5bf9\u4e3b\u5b58\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u7684\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3001\u79c1\u6709\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u4eecgdb\u8c03\u8bd5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5730\u5740\u662f\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf+CPU\u786c\u4ef6(MMU)\u7d27\u5bc6\u5408\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1(\u6620\u5c04)\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u603b\u662f\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5e72\u9884\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u9875\u8868(Page Table)\uff0c\u9875\u8868\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9875\u8868\u6761\u76ee(PTE)\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u8be5\u8868\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u7531\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9875(4M\u6216\u80058M)\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u627e\u9875\u8868\u627e\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u9875\u8868\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5c42\u7ea7\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u591a\u7ea7\u9875\u8868\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u9875\u8868\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u547d\u5931(Page Fault)\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u9875\u9762\u8c03\u5ea6(Swapping\u6216\u8005Paging)\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60e9\u7f5a\u5f88\u91cd\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6539\u5584\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b83\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u8bbf\u5b58\u7684\u5730\u5740\u8fc7\u4e8e\u53d1\u6563\uff0c\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u98a0\u7c38(Thrashing)\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e25\u91cd\u5f71\u54cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u52a0\u901f\u5730\u5740\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0cMMU\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8ePTE\u7684\u5c0f\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u53eb\u7ffb\u8bd1\u540e\u5907\u7f13\u51b2\u5668(TLB)\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5355\u5143\u505a\u5730\u5740\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f1a\u5148\u67e5\u8be2TLB\uff0c\u53ea\u6709TLB\u547d\u5931\u624d\u4f1a\u67e5\u8be2\u9ad8\u901f\u7f13\u5b58(L1-2-3)\u3002<\/p>\n

## \u6c47\u7f16\u57fa\u7840<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e86\u89e3\u6c47\u7f16\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u51e0\u79cd\u5bfb\u5740\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u5206\u652f\u3001\u4f20\u9001\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u8df3\u8f6c\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7406\u89e3C\u8bed\u8a00\u7684if else\u3001while\/do while\/for\u3001switch case\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7406\u89e3ebp+esp\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u64a4\u9500\u6808\u5e27\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7406\u89e3\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

## \u5f02\u5e38\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5f02\u5e38\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u7a81\u53d8\uff0c\u5f02\u5e38\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\uff0c\u5f02\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u65ad(interrupt)\uff1a\u4e2d\u65ad\u662f\u5f02\u6b65\u53d1\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5916\u90e8IO\u8bbe\u5907\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u4e2d\u65ad\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5206\u4e0a\u4e0b\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9677\u9631(trap)\uff1a\u9677\u9631\u662f\u6709\u610f\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u662f\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u9677\u9631\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u9677\u9631\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u5185\u6838\u4e4b\u95f4\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u50cf\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u201c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6545\u969c(fault)\uff1a\u6545\u969c\u7531\u9519\u8bef\u60c5\u51b5\u5f15\u8d77\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u6545\u969c\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4fee\u590d\uff0c\u6545\u969c\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5c06\u63a7\u5236\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u6545\u969c\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7f3a\u9875(Page Fault)\u662f\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u6545\u969c\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/p>\n

\u7ec8\u6b62(abort)\uff1a\u7ec8\u6b62\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6062\u590d\u7684\u81f4\u547d\u9519\u8bef\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u786c\u4ef6\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4f1a\u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

## \u5185\u6838\u6001\u548c\u7528\u6237\u6001<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5185\u6838\u6001\u548c\u7528\u6237\u6001\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6001\u8fd0\u884c\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u8c03\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u4fbf\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e2d\u65ad\u9677\u5165\u5185\u6838\u6001\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u53f7\u6807\u8bc6\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u9677\u5165\u5185\u6838\u6001\u548c\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u6001\u8fd4\u56de\u9700\u8981\u505a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u505a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u6062\u590d\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6d88\u8017\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e94\u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41\u505acontext swap\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7684CPU\u5360\u6bd4\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n

## \u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3001\u534f\u7a0b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728linux\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u540c\u6837\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528(clone)\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8ddf\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u63a7\u5236\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u9762\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u5730\u5740\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9e\u73b0\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7fork\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9a6c\u4e0acopy\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u63a8\u8fdf\u5230\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bf9\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u5199\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u4e3aCOW(Copy On Write)\uff0c\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3c\u501f\u9274\u3002<\/p>\n

\u534f\u7a0b\u662f\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7684\u591a\u6267\u884c\u6d41\uff0cC\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9bmakecontext\/getcontext\/swapcontext\u7cfb\u5217\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u534f\u7a0b\u5e93\u4e5f\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u5fae\u4fe1\u7684libco\u901a\u8fc7hook\u6162\u901f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528(\u6bd4\u5982write\uff0cread)\u505a\u5230\u9759\u9ed8\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u5de7\u5999\u3002<\/p>\n

## \u94fe\u63a5<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\/C++\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7ecf\u7f16\u8bd1\u94fe\u63a5\u540e\u4ea7\u751f\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6bb5\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5199\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u8fdb\u5165text\u8282\uff0c\u5168\u5c40\u6570\u636e\u5c06\u8fdb\u5165\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\uff0c\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u8fdb\u5165bss\uff0c\u5806\u548c\u6808\u5411\u7740\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u751f\u957f\uff0c\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u6808\u91cc\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6808\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/p>\n

\u60f3\u8981\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u66f4\u5feb\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u628a\u76f8\u4e92\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u5173\u7cfb\u7d27\u5bc6\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u653e\u5230\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8icache\u547d\u4e2d\u6027\u3002\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u91cf\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u540c\u6837\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8i-cache\u547d\u4e2d\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5185\u8054\u65e2\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u6808\u5e27\u5efa\u7acb\u64a4\u9500\u7684\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u53c8\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u63a7\u5236\u8df3\u8f6c\u5bf9i-cache\u7684\u51b2\u5237\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u654f\u611f\u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u907f\u514d\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51cf\u5c11\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528(\u5c31\u5730\u5c55\u5f00)\u8ddf\u5c01\u88c5\u662f\u76f8\u8fdd\u80cc\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u7834\u574f\u5c01\u88c5\u548c\u635f\u4f24\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6743\u8861\u5229\u5f0a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

## \u5e38\u8bc6\u548c\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/p>\n

CPU\u62f7\u8d1d\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u822c\u4e00\u79d2\u949f\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u51e0\u767e\u5146\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u6bcf\u6b21\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u541e\u5410\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u6b21\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u5982\u679c\u8017\u8d39\u8d85\u8fc71000 cycles\u5c31\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u4e86(\u5228\u9664\u8c03\u7528\u5b50\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5f00\u9500)\u3002<\/p>\n

pthread_mutex_t\u9996\u6b21\u52a0\u89e3\u9501\u5927\u6982\u8017\u65f64000-5000 cycles\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u52a0\u89e3\u9501\u5927\u6982120 cycles\uff0cO2\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u65f6\u5019100 cycles\uff0cspinlock\u8017\u65f6\u7565\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n

lock\u5185\u5b58\u603b\u7ebf+xchg\u9700\u898150 cycles\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u5185\u5b58\u5c4f\u969c\u898150 cycles\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u65e0\u9501\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982linux kernel\u91cc\u7684kfifo\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u6574\u578b\u56de\u7ed5+\u5185\u5b58\u5c4f\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n

# \u56db\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u505a\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316(TODO)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e24\u4e2a?\u5411\uff1a\u63d0?\u8fd0?\u901f\u5ea6 + \u51cf\u5c11\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u76d1\u63a7\u5148?\uff0c\u8981\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u636e??\u57fa\u4e8e\u731c\u6d4b\uff0c\u8981\u642d\u5efa\u80fd\u5c3d\u91cf\u6a21\u62df\u771f\u5b9e\u8fd0?\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u538b?\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e0a\u83b7\u53d6\u7684profiling\u6570\u636e\u624d\u662f\u6709?\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\uff1a\u76d1\u63a7 -> \u5206\u6790 -> \u4f18\u5316 \u4e09\u90e8\u66f2<\/p>\n

# \u4e94\u3001\u51e0\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u95ee\u9898(TODO)<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4f4dCPU\u74f6\u9888?<\/p>\n

2. \u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4f4dIO\u74f6\u9888?<\/p>\n

3. \u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4f4d?\u7edc\u74f6\u9888?<\/p>\n

4.\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4f4d\u9501\u7684\u95ee\u9898?<\/p>\n

\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u9501\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u989d\u5916\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u4f46\u9501\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u5230\u5e95\u6709\u591a\u5927\uff0c\u4f30\u8ba1\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u6d4b\u8fc7\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5355\u6b21\u52a0\u89e3\u9501100 cycles\uff0cspinlock\u6216\u8005cas\u66f4\u5feb\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u9501\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u9501\u7684\u7c92\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u9501\u7684\u7c92\u5ea6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u8d8a\u5c0f\u8d8a\u597d\uff0c\u592a\u5927\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u649e\u9501\u7684\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u592a\u5c0f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u96be\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n

\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679ccpu\u5229\u7528\u7387\u4e0a\u4e0d\u53bb\uff0c\u800c\u7cfb\u7edf\u541e\u5410\u4e5f\u4e0a\u4e0d\u53bb\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9501\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684sys cpu\u548cusr cpu\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u901a\u8fc7perf\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0lock\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u5927\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u6ca1\u9519\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

5. \u5982\u4f55\u63d0?\u5e76\u53d1\u80fd??<\/p>\n

# \u516d\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u6848\u4f8b\u5206\u6790(TODO)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u5757\u5185\u5bb9\u975e\u5e38\u591a\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u597d\u597d\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u5148\u5217\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d0\u7eb2<\/p>\n

TODO<\/p>\n

# \u4e03\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u9ed1\u79d1\u6280<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4eba<\/p>\n

# \u516b\u3001\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u6ca1\u60f3\u597d\uff0cTODO<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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