\u4f01\u4e1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u8fd0\u7ef4\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u516c\u53f8\u4fe1\u606f\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u9632\u5165\u4fb5\u3001\u9632\u6cc4\u9732\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u6240\u6709CSO\u3001COO\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u867d\u7136\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e00\u65e6\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u5230\u4f4d\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u7ed9\u4f01\u4e1a\u5e26\u6765\u91cd\u5927\u6570\u636e\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u635f\u5931\u6216\u8005\u58f0\u8a89\u635f\u5931\u3002\u672c\u6587\u9488\u5bf9\u4f01\u4e1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e8610\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5b9e\u7528\u3001\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f3a\u5316\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u8f83\u597d\u5730\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f01\u4e1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u63d0\u524d\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u4e8b\u524d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4f01\u4e1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8fd0\u8425\u3002<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4ece\u8fd0\u884c\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u53bb\u6389\u201c.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n \u5728\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237(root)\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5fc5\u987b\u660e\u786e\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u7528\u6237\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u3002\u8003\u8651\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u767b\u5f55\u4e86\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u53d8\u91cf\u5c31\u662f<\/p>\n .:\/usr\/bin:\/usr\/sbin:\/bin:\/sbin.<\/p>\n \u7528\u6237\u5728ls\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u811a\u672c:<\/p>\n #!\/usr\/bin\/ksh<\/p>\n cp \/usr\/bin\/ksh \/tmp<\/p>\n chown root:bin \/tmp\/ksh<\/p>\n chmod 6755 \/tmp\/ksh<\/p>\n rm -f ls<\/p>\n \/bin\/ls $*<\/p>\n \u73b0\u5728A\u7528\u6237\u547c\u53eb\u5e76\u4e0a\u62a5\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u6709\u4e9b\u4e0d\u660e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u7528\u6237\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528cd\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u5165\u4ed6\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5e76\u8fd0\u884cls -l\u547d\u4ee4\u53bb\u67e5\u770b\u3002\u7a81\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u77e5\u60c5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cA\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2ashell\u811a\u672c\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650!<\/p>\n \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u907f\u514d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u201c.\u201d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3als\u7684\u811a\u672c\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n 2\u3001\u89c4\u907f\u98ce\u9669\u811a\u672c<\/strong><\/p>\n \u5f53\u7528\u6237\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u6307\u5b9a\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u53c2\u8003\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u811a\u672c:<\/p>\n #!\/usr\/bin\/ksh<\/p>\n date > log<\/p>\n find . -mtime +7 -ls -exec rm -rf {} \\; >> log 2>&1<\/p>\n \u867d\u7136\u53ea\u6709\u4e09\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u884c\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5374\u5b58\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e:<\/p>\n \u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n \u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9\u51fa\u65e5\u671f\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n \u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9\u51fa\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n \u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9\u51farm\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n \u5b83\u6267\u884c\u9519\u8bef\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n \u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u9a8c\u8bc1\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u51b3\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n #!\/usr\/bin\/ksh<\/p>\n cd \/directory || exit -1<\/p>\n PATH=\/usr\/bin; export PATH<\/p>\n \/usr\/bin\/date > log<\/p>\n \/usr\/bin\/find \/directory -mtime +7 -ls -exec \/usr\/bin\/rm -rf {} \\; \\<\/p>\n >> log 2>&1<\/p>\n \u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\uff0ccd \/directory || exit -1\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9ksh\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528CD\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u5165\/directory\u3002\u5982\u679c\u547d\u4ee4\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u9000\u51fa\u811a\u672c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u20131\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5728Ksh\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d||\u610f\u5473\u7740\u201c\u5982\u679c\u4e0a\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5931\u8d25\u201d\uff0c&&\u5219\u610f\u5473\u7740\u201c\u5982\u679c\u4e0a\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6210\u529f\u201d\u3002\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4touch \/testfile || echo Could not touch\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a\/testfile\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u521b\u5efa(\u4e5f\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u6743\u9650\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u5b83)\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u201cCould not touch\u201d\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4touch<\/p>\n \/testfile && echo Created file\u6765\u521b\u5efa\/testfile\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679ctouch\u547d\u4ee4\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u53ea\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u201cCreated file\u201d\u3002\u7528\u6237\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u5c06\u51b3\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u662f\u4f7f\u7528||\u8fd8\u662f&&\u3002<\/p>\n \u5982\u679c\u811a\u672c\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5c06\u8fdb\u5165\/directory\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u660e\u786e\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u641c\u7d22\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u9501\u5b9a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u5199\u957f\u7684\u5e76\u4e14\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u811a\u672c\u65f6;\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u5fd8\u4e86\u6307\u5b9a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u811a\u672c\u8c03\u7528\u6728\u9a6c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u51e0\u7387\u5c06\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7528\u6237\u8c03\u7528date\u7684\u5168\u540d\u662f\uff1a\/usr\/bin\/date\u3002\u7528\u6237\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u6307\u5b9a\/usr\/bin\/find\u548c\/usr\/bin\/rm\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6267\u884c\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u6728\u9a6c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u77e5\u89c9\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u4eba\u66f4\u52a0\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u6743\u9650\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\/usr\/bin\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u6743\u9650\u6765\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4ed6\u4eec\u60f3\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n \u5f53\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u9075\u5faa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u89c4\u5219:<\/p>\n \u603b\u662f\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n \u603b\u662f\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n \u59cb\u7ec8\u8fd0\u884c\u9519\u8bef\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u5177\u6709\u6f5c\u5728\u7834\u574f\u6027\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u5982rm\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n 3\u3001\u76ef\u7d27\u5bb9\u6613\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1<\/strong><\/p>\n \u7528\u6237\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u4eba\u503c\u5b88\u4e0b\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u5417?\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u4f5c\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u63a8\u79fb\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f1a\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n \u8981\u638c\u63e1\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u9700\u8981\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u5b83\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5b9a\u671f\u5ba1\u6838\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u5217\u8868\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u54ea\u4e9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\/var\/spool\/cron\u4e2d\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53e6\u5916\u652f\u6301\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6bcf\u6708\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u6bcf\u5e74\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2acron.d\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4f7f\u7528man cron\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5c06\u786e\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u786e\u5207\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n 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7\u3001\u626b\u63cf\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u9ad8\u6743\u9650\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n \u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237ID(SUID)\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7ec4ID(SGID)\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6216\u7ec4\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001\u811a\u672c\u548c\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u7528\u6237ID\u6216\u7ec4ID\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u3002top\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6743\u9650\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u626b\u63cf\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bfb\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0ctop\u9700\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6743\u9650\u662f\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n \u8bb8\u591a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u67d0\u4e9b\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0d\u652f\u6301SUID\u548cSGID\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6302\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u5728Solaris\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u5728\/etc\/vfstab\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9anosuid\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528nosuid\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\/users\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u78c1\u76d8c2t0d0s3\u4e0a\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4:<\/p>\n \/dev\/dsk\/c2t0d0s3 \/dev\/rdsk\/c2t0d0s3 \/users ufs 2 yes nosuid<\/p>\n \u8fd9\u4e2a\/users\u5b89\u88c5\u5f15\u5bfc\u5e76\u7981\u7528\u4e86SUID\u548cSGID\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u662fSUID\u548cSGID\u4f4d\u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7981\u7528SUID\u548cSGID\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u671f\u626b\u63cf\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e76\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u6240\u6709\u5b58\u5728SUID\u548cSGID\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002\u67e5\u627eSUID\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\uff1a-perms +4000\uff0c\u800c\u67e5\u627eSGID\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5219\u662f\uff1a-perms +2000\u3002\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u626b\u63cf\u6240\u6709SUID\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4:<\/p>\n # find \/ -type f -perms +4000 -ls<\/p>\n -type f\u547d\u4ee4\u53ea\u662f\u67e5\u770b\u201c\u5e38\u89c4\u201d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5217\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u7684SUID\u4f4d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u4ed4\u7ec6\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981SUID\u548cSGID\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u6beb\u4e0d\u72b9\u8c6b\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6e05\u9664\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n 8\u3001\u638c\u63a7\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u7aef\u53e3<\/strong><\/p>\n \u5728\u7528\u6237\u5411\u5916\u754c\u53d1\u5e03\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u54ea\u4e9b\u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u5e76\u4e14\u5141\u8bb8\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u5728\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u77e5\u60c5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5f00\u653e\u7684\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7aef\u53e3\u8bbf\u95ee\u7528\u6237\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u524d\u5173\u95ed\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u77e5\u9053\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u66b4\u9732\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Netstat\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u67e5\u3002\u51e0\u4e4e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u9644\u5e26Netstat\u547d\u4ee4\u3002Netstat\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u8def\u7531\u8868\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002Netstat\u5de5\u5177\u663e\u793a\u4e86\/etc\/services\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4eba\u540d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u5bfc\u51fa\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u786e\u4fdd\u7528\u6237\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\/etc\/services\u6301\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u597d\u7406\u7531\u3002\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528man\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u53d1\u73b0netstat\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u8bf4\u660e:<\/p>\n # netstat<\/p>\n Local Address Remote Address Swind Send-Q Rwind Recv-Q State<\/p>\n server.smtp 192.168.3.4 6144 0 65700 0 CONNECTED<\/p>\n \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u4eceIP\u5730\u5740192.168.3.4\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u7528\u6237\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684SMTP\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5e94\u8be5\u8fd0\u884cSMTP\u5417?\u5e94\u8be5\u5141\u8bb8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5417?\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u91cd\u5927\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u7528\u6237\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6700\u8d77\u7801\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528TCP Wrappers\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u5b83\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5e94\u8be5\u7981\u7528\u5b83\u5417?<\/p>\n # netstat -a | more<\/p>\n UDP: IPv4<\/p>\n Local Address Remote Address State<\/p>\n localhost.ntp Idle<\/p>\n TCP: IPv4<\/p>\n Local Address Remote Address Swind Send-Q Rwind Recv-Q State<\/p>\n *.telnet *.* 0 0 24576 0 LISTEN<\/p>\n \u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u6237\u82b1\u4e9b\u65f6\u95f4\u53bb\u5b66\u4e60netstat\u5427\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u770b\u89c1\u662f\u8c01\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u95f4\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n \u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662flsof (\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5217\u8868) \u5de5\u5177\u3002\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6765\u663e\u793a\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fdb\u5316\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u901a\u9053\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86lsof\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u53ea\u8fd0\u884clsof\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u611f\u53d7\u4e00\u4e0blsof\u5de5\u5177\u80fd\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5b83\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5feb\u901f\u5ba1\u6838\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7edd\u4f73\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002lsof | grep TCP\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u6253\u5f00\u7684TCP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u529f\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u9700\u8981\u5378\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u62a5\u544a\u5fd9\u788c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u7684\uff0clsof\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u663e\u793a\u90a3\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n 9\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong><\/p>\n 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