{"id":211611,"date":"2023-12-22T10:51:31","date_gmt":"2023-12-22T02:51:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.idc.net\/help\/211611\/"},"modified":"2023-12-22T10:51:31","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T02:51:31","slug":"linux-%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%e6%8a%80%e5%b7%a7%ef%bc%9a%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e5%b7%a5%e5%85%b7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/211611\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u6280\u5de7\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177"},"content":{"rendered":"Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u6280\u5de7\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177<\/title><\/p>\n<h1 id=\"linux-%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%e6%8a%80%e5%b7%a7%ef%bc%9a%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e5%b7%a5%e5%85%b7-TEdqGFgVSm\">Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u6280\u5de7\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u4f01\u4e1a\u6216\u4e2a\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\u90fd\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002Linux \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u6280\u5de7\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"1-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e9%98%b2%e7%81%ab%e5%a2%99-TEdqGFgVSm\">1. \u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/h2>\n<p>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002Linux \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982 iptables \u548c firewalld\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u8fdb\u51fa\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 iptables \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j DROP\niptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u7981\u6b62\u901a\u8fc7 SSH\uff08\u7aef\u53e3 22\uff09\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4f46\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7 HTTP\uff08\u7aef\u53e3 80\uff09\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u534f\u8bae\u548c IP \u5730\u5740\u7b49\u8bbe\u7f6e\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"2-%e6%9b%b4%e6%96%b0%e5%92%8c%e5%8d%87%e7%ba%a7%e8%bd%af%e4%bb%b6-TEdqGFgVSm\">2. \u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/h2>\n<p>\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d1\u5e03\u5b89\u5168\u8865\u4e01\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fee\u590d\u5df2\u77e5\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u5f3a\u5316\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u53ca\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u6765\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982 apt\u3001yum \u6216 zypper\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>apt update\napt upgrade\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u5347\u7ea7\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u548c\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"3-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e5%bc%ba%e5%af%86%e7%a0%81%e5%92%8c%e5%af%86%e9%92%a5%e8%ae%a4%e8%af%81-TEdqGFgVSm\">3. \u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\u548c\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\u548c\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u800c\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u8f91 \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config \u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u914d\u7f6e SSH \u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>PasswordAuthentication yes\nPermitRootLogin no\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u5c06\u542f\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u5e76\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528 root \u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210 SSH \u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u516c\u94a5\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230 ~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"4-%e5%ae%9a%e6%9c%9f%e5%a4%87%e4%bb%bd%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae-TEdqGFgVSm\">4. \u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u6570\u636e<\/h2>\n<p>\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6570\u636e\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u548c\u6062\u590d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4eba\u4e3a\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u6545\u969c\u8fd8\u662f\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5982 rsync \u6216 tar \u6765\u521b\u5efa\u5907\u4efd\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>rsync -avz \/var\/www\/ \/backup\/\ntar -czvf backup.tar.gz \/var\/www\/\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5206\u522b\u4f7f\u7528 rsync \u548c tar \u521b\u5efa \/var\/www\/ \u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u3002\u5907\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u672c\u5730\u78c1\u76d8\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u4e91\u5b58\u50a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u9884\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"5-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e5%b7%a5%e5%85%b7-TEdqGFgVSm\">5. \u4f7f\u7528\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177<\/h2>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u5e76\u51cf\u5c11\u4eba\u4e3a\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec Ansible\u3001Puppet \u548c Chef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5 Ansible \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 YAML \u683c\u5f0f\u7f16\u5199\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>- name: Install Apache\n hosts: webserver\n tasks:\n - name: Install Apache\n apt:\n name: apache2\n state: present\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5c06\u5728\u540d\u4e3a webserver \u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5 Apache\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd0\u884c ansible-playbook \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6267\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e6%80%bb%e7%bb%93-TEdqGFgVSm\">\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\u548c\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u53ca\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u4f01\u4e1a\u6216\u4e2a\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\u90fd\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\uff0c\u540e\u6d6a\u4e91\u662f\u60a8\u7684\u9996\u9009\u3002\u540e\u6d6a\u4e91\u63d0\u4f9b\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u4e3a\u60a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u8bf7\u8bbf\u95ee\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5b98\u7f51\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/idc.net\">https:\/\/idc.net<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u6280\u5de7\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u6280\u5de7\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177 \u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-211611","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-centos"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/211611","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=211611"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/211611\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=211611"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=211611"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=211611"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}