{"id":191144,"date":"2023-10-01T11:18:37","date_gmt":"2023-10-01T03:18:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.idc.net\/help\/191144\/"},"modified":"2023-10-01T11:18:37","modified_gmt":"2023-10-01T03:18:37","slug":"%e5%90%8e%e6%b5%aa%e4%ba%91flutter%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%ef%bc%9aflutter-%e5%b8%83%e5%b1%80%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/191144\/","title":{"rendered":"\u540e\u6d6a\u4e91Flutter\u6559\u7a0b\uff1aFlutter \u5e03\u5c40\u65b9\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span style=\"font-size: 14px\">\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48?<\/span><br \/><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Widgets \u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa U I\u7684\u7c7b.<\/li>\n<li>Widgets \u7528\u4e8e\u5e03\u5c40\u548c UI \u5143\u7d20.<\/li>\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u7684 widget \u6765\u6784\u5efa\u590d\u6742\u7684 widget<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Flutter \u5e03\u5c40\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5c31\u662f widget\u3002\u5728 Flutter \u4e2d\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a widget - \u751a\u81f3\u5e03\u5c40\u6a21\u578b\u90fd\u662f widget\u3002\u60a8\u5728 Flutter \u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u56fe\u6807\u548c\u6587\u672c\u90fd\u662f widget\u3002 \u751a\u81f3\u4f60\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u4e5f\u662f widget\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u884c\uff08row\uff09\u3001\u5217\uff08column\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u6765\u6392\u5217\u3001\u7ea6\u675f\u548c\u5bf9\u9f50\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u89c1 widget \u7684\u7f51\u683c\uff08grid\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u5efa widget \u6765\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684 widget\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe\u663e\u793a\u4e86 3 \u4e2a\u56fe\u6807\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u56fe\u6807\u4e0b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe\u663e\u793a\u5e03\u5c40\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u884c\u5305\u542b 3 \u5217\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u5217\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fe\u6807\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u610f:<\/strong>&nbsp;\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe\u90fd\u662f\u5728<code>debugPaintSizeEnabled<\/code>\u4e3a true \u65f6\u663e\u793a\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5e03\u5c40\u7ed3\u6784\u3002 \u6709\u5173\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u8c03\u8bd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u8c03\u8bd5 Flutter Apps\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6b64 UI \u7684 widget \u6811\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5e94\u8be5\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5e94\u8be5\u50cf\u60a8\u6240\u671f\u671b\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u60f3\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b Container\uff08\u4ee5\u7c89\u7ea2\u8272\u663e\u793a\uff09\u3002 Container \u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a widget\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5176\u5b50 widget\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u586b\u5145\uff0c\u8fb9\u8ddd\uff0c\u8fb9\u6846\u6216\u80cc\u666f\u8272\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 Container \u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08\u8bd1\u8005\u8bed\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u5bb9\u5668\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a Text \u653e\u7f6e\u5728 Container \u4e2d\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\u8ddd\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u884c\u4e5f\u88ab\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u4ee5\u5728\u884c\u7684\u5468\u56f4\u6dfb\u52a0\u586b\u5145\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u4f8b UI \u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5176 color \u5c5e\u6027\u8bbe\u7f6e\u56fe\u6807\u7684\u989c\u8272\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 Text \u7684 style \u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b57\u4f53\uff0c\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u7c97\u7ec6\u7b49\u3002\u5217\u548c\u884c\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u6307\u5b9a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5b50\u9879\u5982\u4f55\u5782\u76f4\u6216\u6c34\u5e73\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e94\u8be5\u5360\u636e\u591a\u5c11\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>\u5e03\u5c40\u4e00\u4e2a widget<\/h2>\n<p>\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5373\u4f7f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a widget.<\/li>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a widget \u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5e03\u5c40widget\u4e2d\u662f\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\u7684.<\/li>\n<li>\u8981\u5728\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u663e\u793a widget\uff0c\u8bf7\u5c06\u5e03\u5c40 widget \u6dfb\u52a0\u5230 app widget \u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 Scaffold \u662f\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u662f Material Components \u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a widget\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4 banner\uff0c\u80cc\u666f\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u6dfb\u52a0 drawer\uff0csnack bar \u548c\u5e95\u90e8 sheet \u7684 API\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u613f\u610f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6 widget \u5e93\u4e2d\u7684 widget \u6765\u6784\u5efa\u60a8\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Flutter \u4e2d\u5e03\u5c40\u5355\u4e2a widget \uff1f\u672c\u8282\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684 widget \u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u663e\u793a\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684 Hello World \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 Flutter \u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u51e0\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u5373\u53ef\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u653e\u7f6e\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u56fe\u6807\u6216\u56fe\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a widget \u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6839\u636e\u60a8\u60f3\u8981\u5bf9\u9f50\u6216\u7ea6\u675f\u53ef\u89c1\u7a97\u53e3\u5c0f\u90e8\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ece\u5404\u79cd\u5e03\u5c40 widget \u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u62e9\uff0c \u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684 widget \u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4f7f\u7528 Center\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5185\u5bb9\u6c34\u5e73\u548c\u5782\u76f4\u5c45\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a widget \u6765\u5bb9\u7eb3\u53ef\u89c1\u5bf9\u8c61\u6ce8\u610f\uff1aFlutter \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u7528 Dart \u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4e86\u89e3 Java \u6216\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0cDart \u4f1a\u611f\u5230\u975e\u5e38\u719f\u6089\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bd5\u8bd5&nbsp;DartPad \u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f Dart playground\u3002&nbsp;Dart&nbsp; \u8bed\u8a00\u4e4b\u65c5\u662f\u4e00\u7bc7\u4ecb\u7ecd Dart \u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u6027\u7684\u6982\u8ff0\u3002<br \/>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aText widget:\n<pre><code>new Text('Hello World', style: new TextStyle(fontSize: 32.0))<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a Image widget:<\/p>\n<pre><code>new Image.asset('images\/myPic.jpg', fit: BoxFit.cover)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a Icon widget:<\/p>\n<pre><code>new Icon(Icons.star, color: Colors.red[500])<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5c06\u53ef\u89c1 widget \u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5e03\u5c40 widget\u3002 \u6240\u6709\u5e03\u5c40 widget \u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a child \u5c5e\u6027\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 Center \u6216 Container \uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u4e2a&nbsp;children \u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a widget \u5217\u8868\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 Row\uff0cColumn\uff0cListView \u6216 Stack\uff09\u3002\u5c06 Text widget \u6dfb\u52a0\u5230 Center widget\uff1a\n<pre><code>new Center(\n  child: new Text('Hello World', style: new TextStyle(fontSize: 32.0))<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5c06\u5e03\u5c40 widget \u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u9875\u9762\u3002Flutter \u5e94\u7528\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a widget\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206 widget \u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a build() \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684 build \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4f1a\u5728\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u663e\u793a\u7684 widget\u3002 \u5bf9\u4e8e Material \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06 Center widget \u76f4\u63a5\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230 body \u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\u3002\n<pre><code>class _MyHomePageState extends State&lt;MyHomePage&gt; {\n  @override\n  Widget build(BuildContext context) {\n    return new Scaffold(\n      appBar: new AppBar(\n        title: new Text(widget.title),\n      ),\n      body: new Center(\n        child: new Text('Hello World', style: new TextStyle(fontSize: 32.0)),\n      ),\n    );\n  }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Note\uff1a\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6 widget \u5e93\u4e2d\u7684 widget\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Material Components \u4e2d\u7684 widget\u3002 \u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6df7\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684 widget\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u73b0\u6709\u7684 widget\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u7ec4\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684 widget\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u975e Material \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06 Center widget \u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684 build() \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>\/\/ \u8fd9\u4e2aApp\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528Material\u7ec4\u4ef6,  \u5982Scaffold.\n\/\/ \u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4, app\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528Scaffold\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed1\u8272\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9ed1\u8272\u7684\u6587\u672c\u989c\u8272\u3002\n\/\/ \u8fd9\u4e2aapp\uff0c\u5c06\u80cc\u666f\u8272\u6539\u4e3a\u4e86\u767d\u8272\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u989c\u8272\u6539\u4e3a\u4e86\u9ed1\u8272\u4ee5\u6a21\u4effMaterial app\nimport 'package:flutter\/material.dart';\n\nvoid main() {\n  runApp(new MyApp());\n}\n\nclass MyApp extends StatelessWidget {\n  @override\n  Widget build(BuildContext context) {\n    return new Container(\n      decoration: new BoxDecoration(color: Colors.white),\n      child: new Center(\n        child: new Text('Hello World',\n            textDirection: TextDirection.ltr,\n            style: new TextStyle(fontSize: 40.0, color: Colors.black87)),\n      ),\n    );\n  }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u975e Material \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u5305\u542b AppBar\uff0c\u6807\u9898\u6216\u80cc\u666f\u989c\u8272\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u5728\u975e Material \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u60a8\u5fc5\u987b\u81ea\u5df1\u6784\u5efa\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u6b64\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u80cc\u666f\u989c\u8272\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u767d\u8272\uff0c\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u6df1\u7070\u8272\u4ee5\u6a21\u4eff Material \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48? Widgets \u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa U I\u7684\u7c7b. Widgets \u7528\u4e8e\u5e03\u5c40\u548c UI \u5143\u7d20. \u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u7684  [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":191145,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[182398],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-191144","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mini-program"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/191144","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=191144"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/191144\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/191145"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=191144"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=191144"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=191144"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}