{"id":177752,"date":"2022-04-15T22:30:23","date_gmt":"2022-04-15T14:30:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.idc.net\/help\/177752\/"},"modified":"2022-04-15T22:30:23","modified_gmt":"2022-04-15T14:30:23","slug":"%e5%90%8e%e6%b5%aa%e4%ba%91python%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%ef%bc%9a%e4%b8%80%e6%96%87%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3python%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%e7%9a%84%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e6%9c%ba%e5%88%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/177752\/","title":{"rendered":"\u540e\u6d6a\u4e91Python\u6559\u7a0b\uff1a\u4e00\u6587\u4e86\u89e3python\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u673a\u5236"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u66fe\u7ecf\u5199\u8fc7\u6216\u8005\u7528\u8fc7 Python\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e60\u60ef\u4e86\u770b\u5230 Python \u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\uff1b\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u4ee5.Py \u7ed3\u5c3e\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u89c1\u8fc7\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u662f .pyc \u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c31\u662f Python \u201c\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u201d\u6587\u4ef6\u3002(\u5728 Python3 \u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8fd9\u4e2a .pyc \u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u592a\u597d\u627e\u4e86,\u5b83\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3apycache\u7684\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u9762\u3002).pyc\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62Python\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u90fd\u91cd\u65b0\u89e3\u6790\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5927\u8282\u7701\u4e86\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

Python\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684<\/p>\n

Python \u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u88ab\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210CPU\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u8bf4\u5bf9\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u548c\u8bb8\u591a\u89e3\u91ca\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e00\u6837\uff0cPython \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c06\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u6307\u4ee4\uff0cPython \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e2d\u95f4\u683c\u5f0f\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cPython\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b.pyc\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u901f\u5feb\u53d8\u5f97 \u201c\u66f4\u5feb\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u4f60\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u201d\u4f18\u5316\u201c\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff1b\u5b83\u4eec\u662f Python \u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n

Python \u865a\u62df\u673a\u5185\u5e55<\/p>\n

CPython\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u5806\u6808\u7684\u865a\u62df\u673a\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u5b8c\u5168\u56f4\u7ed5\u5806\u6808\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784(\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u9879\u76ee\u201c\u63a8\u201d\u5230\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u201c\u9876\u90e8\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5c06\u9879\u76ee\u201c\u5f39\u51fa\u201d\u5230\u201c\u9876\u90e8\u201d)\u3002<\/p>\n

CPython \u4f7f\u7528\u4e09\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6808\uff1a<\/p>\n

1.\u8c03\u7528\u5806\u6808\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u7684Python\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f53\u524d\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4e00\u201c\u5e27\u201d\uff0c\u5806\u6808\u7684\u5e95\u90e8\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u70b9\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u90fd\u4f1a\u5c06\u65b0\u7684\u5e27\u63a8\u5230\u8c03\u7528\u5806\u6808\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5e27\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f39\u51fa<\/p>\n

2.\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u5e27\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u5806\u6808(\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5806\u6808)\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5806\u6808\u662f\u6267\u884c Python \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6267\u884cPython\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u5c06\u4e1c\u897f\u63a8\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5806\u6808\u4e0a\uff0c\u64cd\u7eb5\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u5f39\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n

3.\u540c\u6837\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u5e27\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5757\u5806\u6808\u3002Python\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u8ddf\u8e2a\u67d0\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u7ed3\u6784:\u5faa\u73af\u3001try \/except\u5757\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca with \u5757\u90fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6761\u76ee\u88ab\u63a8\u9001\u5230\u5757\u5806\u6808\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bcf\u5f53\u9000\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u6784\u4e4b\u4e00\u65f6\uff0c\u5757\u5806\u6808\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f39\u51fa\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8ePython\u77e5\u9053\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u7ed9\u5b9a\u65f6\u523b\u54ea\u4e9b\u5757\u662f\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0ccontinue\u6216break\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f71\u54cd\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5927\u591a\u6570 Python \u5b57\u8282\u7801\u6307\u4ee4\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u5e27\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u6808\uff0c\u867d\u7136\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6307\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u64cd\u4f5c\u5757\u6808\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8fd9\u4e2a<\/p>\n

my_function(my_variable,2)\u3002<\/pre>\n
Python \u5c06\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u6307\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n
1.\u4e00\u4e2aLOAD_NAME\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u8c61 my_function\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u63a8\u9001\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u6808\u7684\u9876\u90e8<\/p>\n
2.\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a LOAD_NAME \u6307\u4ee4\u53bb\u67e5\u627e\u53d8\u91cf my_variable\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u63a8\u9001\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u6808\u7684\u9876\u90e8<\/p>\n
3.\u4e00\u4e2a LOAD_CONST \u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570 2 \u63a8\u9001\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u6808\u7684\u9876\u90e8<\/p>\n
4.\u4e00\u4e2a CALL_FUNCTION \u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n
CALL_FUNCTION \u6307\u4ee4\u67092\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u793a Python \u9700\u8981\u5728\u5806\u6808\u9876\u90e8\u5f39\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570; \u7136\u540e\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u5728\u5b83\u4e0a\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5b83\u4e5f\u540c\u65f6\u88ab\u5f39\u51fa\uff08\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u4ee4-CALL_FUNCTION_KW-\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u6761\u6307\u4ee4CALL_FUNCTION_EX\uff0c\u5b83\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u53c2\u6570\u4f7f\u7528 * \u6216 ** \u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff09<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u65e6 Python \u5177\u5907\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u5806\u6808\u4e0a\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5e27\uff0c\u586b\u5145\u5230\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u672c\u5730\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\u8be5\u5e27\u5185\u7684 my_function \u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u8fd0\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5e27\u5c06\u4ece\u8c03\u7528\u5806\u6808\u4e2d\u5f39\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u539f\u59cb\u5e27\u4e2d\uff0cmy_function \u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5c06\u88ab\u63a8\u5165\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u6808\u7684\u9876\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u4e86\uff0c\u4e5f\u77e5\u9053\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u53bb\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u5462\uff1fok\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4e5f\u6ca1\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u90fd\u5c06\u56f4\u7ed5\u5b57\u8282\u7801\uff0c\u5728python\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u7f16\u8bd1Python\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u751f\u6210\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u5c31\u662f\u4eca\u5929\u8981\u8bf4\u7684--dis\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n
dis\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n
dis\u6a21\u5757\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e9b\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406 Python \u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u201c\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u201d\u4e3a\u66f4\u4fbf\u4e8e\u4eba\u9605\u8bfb\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u67e5\u770b\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u8fd8\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4f18\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u7ade\u6001\u6761\u4ef6\u4e5f\u5f88\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5b83\u8bc4\u4f30\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u54ea\u4e00\u70b9\u7ebf\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u53ef\u80fd\u5207\u6362\u3002\u53c2\u8003\u6e90\u7801Include\/opcode.h\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u5217\u8868\u3002\u8be6\u7ec6\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684python\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837,\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u7528\u7684Python 3.8.<\/p>\n
\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u5b57\u8282\u7801<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u5165\u5982\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n
def hello()\n    print(\"Hello, World!\")\nimport dis\ndis.dis(hello)<\/pre>\n
\u51fd\u6570 dis.dis() \u5c06\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7684 Python \u4ee3\u7801\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u6216\u8005\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5305\u542b\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002dis \u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f distb()\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u5b83\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u4e2a Python \u8ffd\u6eaf\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u9884\u671f\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5b83\u5c06\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u9884\u671f\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u4e0a\u6700\u9876\u7aef\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u5b83\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u5230\u5f15\u53d1\u610f\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b Python \u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ee3\u7801\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u67e5\u770b hello() \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
>>> hello.__code__<code object hello at 0x104e46930, file \"<stdin>\", line 1>>>> hello.__code__.co_consts\n(None, 'Hello, World!')>>> hello.__code__.co_varnames\n()>>> hello.__code__.co_names\n('print',)<\/pre>\n
\u4ee3\u7801\u5bf9\u8c61\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u5c5e\u6027 code \u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u643a\u5e26\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n
co_consts\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u5185\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u5b9e\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7ec4<\/p>\n
co_varnames\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u5185\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5305\u542b\u4efb\u610f\u672c\u5730\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u5143\u7ec4<\/p>\n
co_names\u662f\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u5185\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u975e\u672c\u5730\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u5143\u7ec4<\/p>\n
\u8bb8\u591a\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u6307\u4ee4--\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u63a8\u5165\u5230\u6808\u4e2d\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u503c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u503c--\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5143\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3 hello() \u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u6240\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
1\u3001 LOAD_GLOBAL 0\uff1a\u544a\u8bc9 Python \u901a\u8fc7 co_names \uff08\u5b83\u662f print \u51fd\u6570\uff09\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 0 \u4e0a\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u53bb\u67e5\u627e\u5b83\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5b83\u63a8\u5165\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u6808<\/p>\n
2\u3001 LOAD_CONST 1\uff1a\u5e26\u5165 co_consts \u5728\u7d22\u5f15 1 \u4e0a\u7684\u5b57\u9762\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5b83\u63a8\u5165\uff08\u7d22\u5f15 0 \u4e0a\u7684\u5b57\u9762\u503c\u662f None\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u793a\u5728 co_consts \u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a Python \u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9690\u5f0f\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c None\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c31\u8fd4\u56de\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9690\u5f0f\u7684\u503c \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
3\u3001 CALL_FUNCTION 1\uff1a\u544a\u8bc9 Python \u53bb\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff1b\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u6808\u4e2d\u5f39\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u6808\u9876\u5c06\u88ab\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u201c\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u201d \u5b57\u8282\u7801--\u662f\u975e\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u5b57\u8282--\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u4f5c\u4e3a co_code \u5c5e\u6027\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u5c1d\u8bd5\u624b\u5de5\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u5b57\u8282\u503c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u51fa dis.opname \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u67e5\u770b\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n
\u57fa\u672c\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16<\/p>\n
\u51fd\u6570dis()\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u5370 Python \u6e90\u4ee3\u7801(\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u4ee3\u7801\u5bf9\u8c61)\u7684\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u8868\u793a\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ece\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8fd0\u884c dis \u6765\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16 dis_simple.py \u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n
dis_simple.py\n#!\/usr\/bin\/env python3\n# encoding: utf-8\nmy_dict = {'a': 1}<\/pre>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u6309\u5217\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u539f\u59cb\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u884c\u53f7\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7801\u540d\u79f0\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7801\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n
python3 -m dis dis_simple.py<\/pre>\n
\u8f93\u51fa<\/p>\n
1           0 LOAD_CONST               0 ('a')\n              2 LOAD_CONST               1 (1)\n              4 BUILD_MAP                1\n              6 STORE_NAME               0 (my_dict)\n              8 LOAD_CONST               2 (None)\n             10 RETURN_VALUE<\/pre>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a4\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u586b\u5145\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\u89e3\u91ca\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u5404\u5217\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217 \u6570\u5b57\uff081\uff09\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u5e94\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u884c\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09\u6307\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u6765\u81ea\u5e27\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6)\u3010\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u6ca1\u6709\u3011<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217 \u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4ece\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u5230\u6b64\u53ef\u80fd\u7684JUMP \u3010\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u6ca1\u6709\u3011<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u56db\u5217 \u6570\u5b57\u662f\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u5b57\u8282\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u5730\u5740(\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f2\u7684\u500d\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aPython 3.6\u6bcf\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u4f7f\u75282\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c)\u6307\u4ee4LOAD_CONST\u57280\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e94\u5217 \u6307\u4ee4\u672c\u8eab\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\"LOAD_CONST\"<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u516d\u5217 Python\u5185\u90e8\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u67d0\u4e9b\u5e38\u91cf\u6216\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5806\u6808\uff0c\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u6307\u4ee4\u7b49\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7684\u8bdd\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e03\u5217 \u8ba1\u7b97\u540e\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7136\u540e\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u7531\u4e8e Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6808\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u524d\u51e0\u6b65\u662f\u7528LOAD_CONST\u5c06\u5e38\u91cf\u6309\u6b63\u786e\u987a\u5e8f\u653e\u5165\u5230\u6808\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 BUILD_MAP \u5f39\u51fa\u8981\u589e\u52a0\u5230\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u65b0\u952e\u548c\u503c\u3002\u7528 STORE_NAME \u5c06\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684dict\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ed1\u5b9a\u540d\u4e3amy_dict.<\/p>\n
\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n
\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53cd\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u53cd\u7f16\u8bd1\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165dis\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n
#dis_function.py\ndef f(*args):\n    nargs = len(args)\n    print(nargs, args)\n\nif __name__ == '__main__':\n    import dis\n    dis.dis(f)<\/pre>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n
python3 dis_function.py<\/pre>\n
\u7136\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n
2           0 LOAD_GLOBAL              0 (len)\n              2 LOAD_FAST                0 (args)\n              4 CALL_FUNCTION            1\n              6 STORE_FAST               1 (nargs)\n\n  3           8 LOAD_GLOBAL              1 (print)\n             10 LOAD_FAST                1 (nargs)\n             12 LOAD_FAST                0 (args)\n             14 CALL_FUNCTION            2\n             16 POP_TOP\n             18 LOAD_CONST               0 (None)\n             20 RETURN_VALUE<\/pre>\n
\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u628a\u51fd\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u5230dis().\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u91cc\u6253\u5370\u7684\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u793a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5728\u5916\u5c42\u7684\u884c\u7f16\u53f7\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ece2\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u89e3\u6790\u4e0b\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n
1\u3001LOAD_GLOBAL \u7528\u6765\u52a0\u8f7d\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6307\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\u540d\uff0c\u7c7b\u540d\uff0c\u6a21\u5757\u540d\u7b49\u5168\u5c40\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u662flen\u51fd\u6570\uff0cLOAD_FAST \u4e00\u822c\u52a0\u8f7d\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bfb\u53d6\u503c\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u6216\u8005\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u4f20\u53c2\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u662f\u4f20\u5165\u53c2\u6570args\u3002<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u5148\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u538b\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u901a\u8fc7 CALL_FUNCTION \u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
3\u3001STORE_FAST \u4fdd\u5b58\u503c\u5230\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u7ed3\u679c\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9 STORE_FAST\u3002<\/p>\n
4\u3001\u4e0b\u9762\u7684print\u56e0\u4e3a2\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u6240\u4ee5LOAD_FAST\u4e862\u6b21\uff0cPOP_TOP\u5220\u9664\u5806\u6808\u9876\u90e8(TOS)\u9879\u3002LOAD_CONST\u52a0\u8f7dconst\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6570\u503c\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u56e0\u4e3a\u662fprint\u6240\u4ee5\u503c\u4e3aNone\u3002<\/p>\n
5\u3001\u6700\u540e\u901a\u8fc7RETURN_VALUE\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\u7ed3\u5c3e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8981\u6253\u5370\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u4fe1\u606f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528dis\u7684show_code\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u540d\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\uff0cshow_code\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b:<\/p>\n
def f(*args):\n    nargs = len(args)\n    print(nargs, args)\n\nif __name__ == '__main__':\n    import dis\n    dis.show_code(f)<\/pre>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n
Name:              f\nFilename:          dis_function_showcode.py\nArgument count:    0\nKw-only arguments: 0\nNumber of locals:  2\nStack size:        3\nFlags:             OPTIMIZED, NEWLOCALS, VARARGS, NOFREE\nConstants:\n   0: None\nNames:\n   0: len\n   1: print\nVariable names:\n   0: args\n   1: nargs<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u66fe\u7ecf\u5199\u8fc7\u6216\u8005\u7528\u8fc7 Python\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e60\u60ef\u4e86\u770b\u5230 Python \u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\uff1b\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u4ee5.Py \u7ed3\u5c3e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":177753,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[182397],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-177752","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/177752","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=177752"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/177752\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/177753"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=177752"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=177752"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=177752"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}