{"id":148669,"date":"2022-03-12T22:05:49","date_gmt":"2022-03-12T14:05:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.idc.net\/help\/148669\/"},"modified":"2022-03-12T22:05:49","modified_gmt":"2022-03-12T14:05:49","slug":"acm-fellow%e8%8e%b7%e5%be%97%e8%80%85%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%ef%bc%9a%e8%8d%a3%e8%80%80%e7%9a%84%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e4%b9%8b%e8%b7%af-acm-fellow%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/148669\/","title":{"rendered":"ACM Fellow\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1a\u8363\u8000\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u8def (acm fellow\u6570\u636e\u5e93)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u5185\u6700\u4e3a\u53d7\u5c0a\u656c\u7684\u5956\u9879\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0cACM Fellow\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u7684\u8363\u8000\u5386\u7a0b\u6ee1\u8f7d\u7740\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fc8\u8fdb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u8def\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6770\u51fa\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u4ece\u4e8b\u7740\u5f53\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u548c\u53d1\u73b0\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7740\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u540c\u884c\u4eec\u6811\u7acb\u4e86\u6fc0\u52b1\u4eba\u5fc3\u7684\u699c\u6837\u3002ACM Fellow\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7aa5\u63a2\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6770\u51fa\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u5386\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ACM Fellow\u5956\u9879\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u52301993\u5e74\uff0c\u7531ACM\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\u6388\u4e88\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u505a\u51fa\u6770\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u6210\u5458\u3002ACM Fellow\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u7684\u540d\u5355\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u957f\u671f\u6210\u529f\u548c\u6280\u672f\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u6240\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ACM Fellow\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709ACM Fellow\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u7684\u5168\u9762\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6765\u81ea\u5168\u7403\u5404\u5730\u76843900\u591a\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7b80\u4ecb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51c6\u786e\u8bb0\u5f55ACM Fellow\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u751f\u5e73\u4e8b\u8ff9\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u5177\u6709\u6743\u5a01\u6027\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9bACM Fellow\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u6765\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5de5\u7a0b\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u4e8b\u8ff9\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u5927\u6570\u636e\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u8d85\u7ea7\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u3001\u56fe\u5f62\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8363\u8a89\u4e4b\u8def\u90fd\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u4e0d\u65ad\u8ffd\u6c42\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u6311\u6218\u548c\u7a81\u7834\u7684\u6210\u679c\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e0d\u4e4f\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6811\u7acb\u699c\u6837\u7684\u5178\u578b\u6848\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1998\u5e74ACM Fellow\u5956\u9879\u7684\u83b7\u5f97\u8005Barbara Liskov\u662f\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e2a\u83b7\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5956\u9879\u7684\u5973\u6027\u3002Liskov\u73b0\u5728\u5728\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662Moses\u5236\u9020\u4e1a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u62c5\u4efb\u9662\u58eb\uff0c\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u90fd\u6709\u7740\u6770\u51fa\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u5979\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u53d1\u5c55\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u62bd\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u65b9\u6cd5\u800c\u8457\u540d\u3002\u5979\u7684\u300a\u6570\u636e\u62bd\u8c61\u4e0e\u5c42\u6b21\u5f3a\u5236\u300b\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd8\u6709ACM Fellow\u5956\u9879\u7684\u83b7\u5f97\u8005Don Knuth\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u201c\u6559\u7236\u201d\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002Knuth \u66fe\u62c5\u4efb\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7ec8\u8eab\u6559\u6388\u3002\u4ed6\u5199\u8fc7\u300a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u827a\u672f\u300b\u548c\u300a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u827a\u672f\u300b\u4e24\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7535\u5b50\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u53ca\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u5fc5\u8bfb\u4e66\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ACM Fellowship\u5956\u9879\u7684\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u8363\u8a89\u5956\u9879\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5956\u9879\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u8bb8\u591a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u68a6\u60f3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u548c\u884c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u6210\u5c31\u3002ACM Fellow\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u4eec\u65e2\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u548c\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6fc0\u52b1\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u8ffd\u6c42\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u9886\u57df\u8363\u8a89\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5956\u9879\u4e5f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u6210\u529f\u548c\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ACM Fellow\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4fe1\u606f\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u7d27\u8ddf\u7740\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6b65\u4f10\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7eaa\u5f55\u4e86ACM Fellow\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u7684\u751f\u5e73\u4e8b\u8ff9\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bba\u6587\u3001\u8457\u4f5c\u3001\u6f14\u8bb2\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8c08\u8bdd\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e13\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u548c\u8bc1\u4e66\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u6765\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u5404\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u7684top\u7ea7\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u8fd8\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u6df1\u523b\u5730\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u4e86\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u9700\u8981\u957f\u671f\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u548c\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u5168\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u805a\u5149\u706f\u4e0b\u7684\u7cbe\u5f69\u77ac\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u548c\u6210\u5c31\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6811\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ffd\u6c42\u5353\u8d8a\u548c\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u699c\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ACM Fellow\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u624d\u534e\u548c\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u6770\u51fa\u8363\u8a89\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5956\u9879\u7684\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u4eec\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u4ece\u4e8b\u7684\u9886\u57df\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6f6e\u6d41\u6ce8\u5165\u6e90\u6e90\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230ACM Fellow\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u6c72\u53d6\u5230\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u80fd\u66f4\u52a0\u6df1\u523b\u5730\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u65ad\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u7a81\u7834\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u62d3\u5c55\u9605\u8bfb\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u662f\u8c01\u53d1\u660e\u7684?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u662f\u8c01\u53d1\u660e\u7684?<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\u7f72\u64ad\u4e0b\u4e86\u79cd\u5b50<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8ffd\u672c\u6eaf\u6e90\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u79cd\u4e0b\u4e4b\u4e00\u9897\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u79cd\u5b50\u7684\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\u7f72APPA(Advanced Research Project Agency)\u3002\u8be5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u9f3b\u7956\uff0c\u540d\u5b57\u53ebAPPANet\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u540d\u5b57\u53eb\u201c\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\u57281969\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u6b63\u5f0f\u6295\u5165\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u57281990\u5e74\u6b63\u5f0f\u9000\u5f79\u3002\u8fd921\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u5728\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u7eb7\u7eb7\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u6216\u666e\u901a\uff0c\u6216\u60ca\u8273\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u65e0\u6570\u7684\u4eba\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u6dfb\u4e0a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e00\u7816\u4e00\u74e6\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5b55\u80b2\u51fa\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5f00\u59cb\u6311\u8d77\u5927\u6881<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u5916\u884c\u9886\u5bfc\u5185\u884c\uff0c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\u603b\u7f72\u8fd8\u4ece\u5404\u4e2a\u5927\u5b66\u91cc\u6316\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5f53\u9886\u5bfc\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5f53\u65f6\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684MIT\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4e13\u5bb6\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5229\u514b\u83b1\u5fb3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f20\u95fb\u8bf4\uff0c\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5229\u514b\u83b1\u5fb3\u5f53\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u65f6\u5019, 80%\u591a\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6709\u5173\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u90fd\u662f\u4ed6\u7ed9\u94b1\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u6c11\u7528\u8fd8\u662f\u519b\u7528\uff0c\u5148\u9020\u51fa\u6765\u770b\u770b\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bbd\u677e\u7684\u4f53\u5236\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u628a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u76f8\u5173\u884c\u4e1a\u7092\u8d77\u6765\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540e\u6765\u7684\u51e0\u4efb\u9886\u5bfc\u90fd\u662f\u9876\u7ea7\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9c8d\u52c3\u00b7\u6cf0\u52d2\uff0c\u62c9\u91cc\u00b7\u7f57\u5e03\u6b21\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90fd\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u9876\u5c16\u9ad8\u624b\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u628a\u62c9\u91cc\u00b7\u7f57\u5e03\u6b21\u79f0\u4e3a\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\u4e4b\u7236\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f57\u5e03\u6b21\u9996\u5148\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u8010\u914d\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u753b\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u56fe\u6765\u8bba\u8bc1\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u8fde\u67b6\u6784\u90fd\u60f3\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3\u3001\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\u51fa\u751f<\/p>\n<p>\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\u53ea\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u9009\u5728\u5728<\/p>\n<p>\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u5206\u6821<\/p>\n<p>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u65f6\u7f57\u5e03\u6b21\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u514b\u83b1\u56e0\u7f57\u514b\u6559\u6388\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u6b63\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u514b\u83b1\u56e0\u7f57\u514b\u6559\u6388\u4e5f\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u9876\u5c16\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u514b\u83b1\u56e0\u6d1b\u514b\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e4b\u7236\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u9009\u5728<\/p>\n<p>\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66<\/p>\n<p>\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u9009\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u8003\u8651\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af\u00b7\u6069\u6208\u5df4\u7279\u6559\u6388\u5728\u65af\u5766\u798f\uff0c\u9f20\u6807\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u53d1\u660e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u5b9e\u4ece\u67d0\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u8bf4\u4ed6\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e4b\u7236\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bf4\u4ed6\u662f\u9f20\u6807\u4e4b\u7236\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\u9f20\u6807\u592a\u51fa\u540d\u4e86\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u4ed6\u53c2\u4e0e\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7f51\u683c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u786c\u76d8\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4ed6\u90fd\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u548c\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5206\u522b\u9009\u8f7d<\/p>\n<p>\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u5723\u5df4\u5df4\u62c9\u5206\u6821<\/p>\n<p>\u548c\u76d0\u6e56\u57ce\u7684\u72b9\u4ed6\u5dde\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\u624d\u660c\u8fc5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b66\u6821\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u56fe\u5f62\u5b66\u9886\u5148\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u72b9\u4ed6\u5dde\u6709\u4f0a\u51e1\u00b7\u82cf\u6cfd\u5170\u6559\u6388\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u82cf\u6cfd\u5170\u6559\u6388\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e4b\u7236\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u73b0\u5728\u865a\u62df\u73b0\u5b9e\u8fd9\u4e48\u706b\u70ed\uff0c\u7b97\u8d77\u6765\u5e94\u8be5\u53bb\u4ed6\u90a3\u91cc\u8ba4\u4e2a\u7956\u5b97\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u7531\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u56fe\u5f62\u5b66\u548c\u865a\u62df\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e861988\u5e74\u7684<\/p>\n<p>\u56fe\u7075\u5956<\/p>\n<p>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\uff0c\u79cd\u5b50\u57cb\u8fdb\u571f\u5730\u91cc\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u751f\u6839\u53d1\u82bd\u4e86\uff0c\u9694\u4e86\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u5c31\u5f88\u5feb\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u523015\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u57281973\u5e74\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f4\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\u5c31\u8fde\u5230\u4e86\u82f1\u56fd\u548c<\/p>\n<p>\u632a\u5a01<\/p>\n<p>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>4\u3001\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u4e0b\u8fc5\u901f\u8fdb\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u7684TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6dd8\u6c70\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u88ab\u6dd8\u6c70\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u53ebNCP\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u57281982\u5e74\u88ab\u505c\u7528\uff0cNCP\u534f\u8bae\u88ab\u505c\u7528\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u7531TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u4ee3\u66ff\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u5e74\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bbe\u5907\u4e94\u82b1\u516b\u95e8\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e24\u4f4d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u9c8d\u52c3\u00b7\u5361\u6069\u548c\u6587\u7279\u00b7\u745f\u592b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u53d1\u660e\u4e86TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u8ba9\u5404\u79cd\u8bbe\u5907\u80fd\u591f\u4e92\u8054\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4f4d\u4e5f\u5206\u522b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e4b\u7236\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u786e\u5b9e\u914d\u5f97\u4e0a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e4b\u7236\u7684\u540d\u53f7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4f4d\u4e5f\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u56fe\u7075\u5956\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u65e0\u6570\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u5956\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7f8e\u56fd\u666e\u901a\u516c\u6c11\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u66f4\u9ad8\u5956\u7ae0\uff0c\u5e03\u4ec0\u603b\u7edf\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u9881\u53d1\u4e86<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7edf\u81ea\u7531\u52cb\u7ae0<\/p>\n<p>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>5\u3001\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\u9000\u5f79\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8bde\u751f<\/p>\n<p>\u4f2f\u7eb3\u65af\u00b7\u674e\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u4ed6\u53d1\u660e\u4e86<\/p>\n<p>\u4e07\u7ef4\u7f51<\/p>\n<p>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u5356\u8c08\uff0c\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\u5df2\u7ecf\u63a5\u8fd1\u5b8c\u6210\u4ed6\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4f7f\u547d\uff0c\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u8981\u9000\u5f79\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\uff0c\u65e0\u6570\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5171\u540c\u5b55\u80b2\u51fa\u4e86\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u3002\u535a\u7eb3\u65af\u00b7\u674e\u535a\u58eb\u662f\u8fce\u63a5\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u4e4b\u4e00\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u9875\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4ece\u6b64\u8bde\u751f\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u6ce2\u6f9c\u58ee\u9614\u7684\u5386\u7a0b\u3002\u535a\u7eb3\u65af\u00b7\u674e\u535a\u58eb\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e4b\u7236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6269\u5c55\u8d44\u6599\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u7279\u7f51\u59cb\u4e8e1969\u5e74\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002\u662f\u7f8e\u519b\u5728ARPA\uff08\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\u7f72\uff09\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u534f\u5b9a\u4e0b\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u7528\u4e8e\u519b\u4e8b\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u540e\u5c06\u7f8e\u56fd\u897f\u5357\u90e8\u7684<\/p>\n<p>\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u5206\u6821<\/p>\n<p>\u3001\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5b66\u9662\u3001UCSB\uff08\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\uff09\u548c\u72b9\u4ed6\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u56db\u53f0\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u534f\u5b9a\u7531<\/p>\n<p>\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66<\/p>\n<p>\u7684BBN\u548cMA\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u57281969\u5e7412\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\u8054\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a8\u52a8 Internet\u53d1\u5c55\u7684<\/p>\n<p>\u5e7f\u57df\u7f51<\/p>\n<p>\u662fNSF\u7f51\uff0c\u5b83\u6700\u521d\u662f\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u8d44\u52a9\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u5168\u7f8e\u76845\u4e2a<\/p>\n<p>\u8d85\u7ea7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f9b100\u591a\u6240<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u5b66<\/p>\n<p>\u5171\u4eab\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002NSF\u7f51\u4e5f\u91c7\u7528TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0eInternet \u76f8\u8fde\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ARPA\u7f51\u548cNSF\u7f51\u6700\u521d\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u79d1\u7814\u670d\u52a1\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u5171\u4eab\u5927\u578b\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5b9d\u8d35\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u968f\u7740\u63a5\u5165\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u628aInternet\u4f5c\u4e3a\u901a\u4fe1\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e9b\u516c\u53f8\u8fd8\u9646\u7eed\u5728Internet\u4e0a\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u5546\u4e1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u968f\u7740Internet\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\uff0c\u5176\u5728\u901a\u4fe1\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u68c0\u7d22\u3001\u5ba2\u6237\u670d\u52a1\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u6f5c\u529b\u88ab\u6316\u6398\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4f7fInternet\u6709\u4e86\u8d28\u7684\u98de\u8dc3\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u8d70\u5411\u5168\u7403\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1\u30011968\u5e74<\/p>\n<p>1968\u5e74\uff0c\u53c2\u8bae\u5458Ted\u00b7Kennedy\uff08\u7279\u5fb7.<\/p>\n<p>\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea<\/p>\n<p>\uff09\u542c\u8bf4BBN\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86ARPA\u534f\u5b9a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5185\u90e8\u6d88\u606f\u5904\u7406\u5668\uff08IMP\uff09\uff0c\u7279\u5fb7.\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u5411BBN\u53d1\u9001\u8d3a\u7535\u795d\u8d3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u8d62\u5f97\u201c\u5185\u90e8\u6d88\u606f\u5904\u7406\u5668\u201d\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2\u30011978\u5e74<\/p>\n<p>1978\u5e74\uff0cUUCP\uff08UNIX\u548cUNIX\u62f7\u8d1d\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u5728<\/p>\n<p>\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4<\/p>\n<p>\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa\u6765\uff0c1979\u5e74\uff0c\u5728UUCP\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u65b0\u95fb\u7ec4\u7f51\u7edc\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u65b0\u95fb\u7ec4\uff08\u96c6\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e00\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u7ec4\uff09\u7d27\u8ddf\u7740\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3a\u5728\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u4ea4\u6362\u4fe1\u606f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u65b0\u95fb\u7ec4\u5e76\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u5171\u4eabTCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5b83\u8fde\u63a5\u7740\u904d\u5e03\u4e16\u754c\u7684UNIX\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f88\u591a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7ad9\u70b9\u90fd\u5145\u5206\u5730\u5229\u7528\u65b0\u95fb\u7ec4\u3002\u65b0\u95fb\u7ec4\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u4e16\u754c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e2a\u68c0\u7d22\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u662f\u57281989\u5e74\u53d1\u660e\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u662f\u7531PeterDeutsch\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5168\u4f53\u6210\u5458\u5728Montreal\u7684McGillUniversity\u521b\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e3aFTP\u7ad9\u70b9\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6863\u6848\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u547d\u540d\u4e3aArchie\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u80fd\u5468\u671f\u6027\u5730\u5230\u8fbe\u6240\u6709\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7ad9\u70b9\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u4e14\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u7d22\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u68c0\u7d22Archie\u547d\u4ee4\u662fUNIX\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u6709\u5229\u7528UNIX\u77e5\u8bc6\u624d\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u4ed6\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>McFill\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e2aArchie\u7684\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u6bcf\u5929\u4ece\u7f8e\u56fd\u5230\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u7684\u901a\u8baf\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u91cf\u8bbf\u95eeArchie\u3002\u5b66\u6821\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u5426\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u4e48\u5927\u7684\u901a\u8baf\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ea\u597d\u5173\u95ed\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5f88\u591a\u7684Archie\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>BrewsterKahle\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u662f\u5728ThinkingMachines\uff08\u667a\u80fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff09\u53d1\u660e\u4e86WAIS\uff08\u5e7f\u57df\u7f51\u4fe1\u606f\u670d\u52a1\uff09\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u68c0\u7d22\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5141\u8bb8\u6587\u4ef6\u68c0\u7d22\u3002\u6839\u636e\u590d\u6742\u7a0b\u5ea6\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u540c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5b83\u7684\u9ad8\u5cf0\u671f\uff0c\u667a\u80fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u516c\u53f8\u7ef4\u62a4\u7740\u5728\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u80fd\u88abWAIS\u68c0\u7d22\u7684\u8d85\u8fc7600\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5728\u65b0\u95fb\u7ec4\u91cc\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6b63\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u6587\u6863\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u548cArchie\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u76f4\u89c2\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u60f3\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5229\u7528\u5b83\u4e5f\u5f97\u82b1\u8d39\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u592b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3\u30011989\u5e74<\/p>\n<p>1989\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u666e\u53ca\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u53c8\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u3002TimBerners\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u7c92\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u4eba\u2014-\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u7c92\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u975e\u5e38\u51fa\u540d\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u7c7b\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u534f\u8bae\uff0c1991\u5e74\u540e\u79f0\u4e3aWWW\uff08<\/p>\n<p>World Wide Web<\/p>\n<p>\uff09\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u534f\u8bae\u2015\u2015\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u5b57\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5165\u53e6\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\u7684-\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u9605\u8bfb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9875\u9762\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u65f6\u7528\u4ed6\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\u94fe\u63a5\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u51fa\u73b0\u5728gopher\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4f46\u53d1\u5c55\u5341\u5206\u7f13\u6162\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u6700\u5f00\u59cb\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u662f\u7531\u90e8\u95e8\u6295\u8d44\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u6700\u521d\u53ea\u662f\u9650\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u90e8\u95e8\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u548c\u90e8\u95e8\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u90e8\u95e8\u548c\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>90\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u5f53\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u7f51\u7edc\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c40\u9762\u624d\u88ab\u6253\u7834\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u5546\u4e1a\u7ad9\u70b9\u53d1\u9001\u4fe1\u606f\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5546\u4e1a\u7ad9\u70b9\u800c\u4e0d\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8d44\u52a9\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u67a2\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>4\u30011991\u5e74<\/p>\n<p>1991\u5e74\uff0c\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u53cb\u597d\u63a5\u53e3\u5728Minnesota\u5927\u5b66\u88ab\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u5b66\u6821\u53ea\u662f\u60f3\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u83dc\u5355\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b66\u6821\u6821\u56ed\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u7d27\u8ddf\u7740\u5927\u578b\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u4fe1\u5f92\u548c\u652f\u6301\u5ba2\u6237-\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u62e5\u62a4\u8005\u4eec\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u5927\u578b\u4e3b\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u4e0a\u98ce\uff0c\u4f46\u81ea\u4ece\u5ba2\u6237-\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5021\u5bfc\u8005\u5ba3\u79f0\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5feb\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u627f\u8ba4\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u5ba2<\/p>\n<p>\u6237-\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5021\u5bfc\u8005\u4eec\u5f88\u5feb\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u793a\u8303\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u8303\u7cfb\u7edf\u53eb\u505aGopher\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2aGopher\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u51e0\u5e74\u91cc\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u51fa\u73b010000\u591a\u4e2aGopher\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u9700\u8981UNIX\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e00\u4e2aGopher\u91cc\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6572\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u9009\u62e9\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u83dc\u5355\u9009\u9879\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528theUofMinnesotagopher\u9009\u62e9\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709Gopher\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53University of Nevada\uff08<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u534e\u8fbe<\/p>\n<p>\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\uff09\u7684Reno\u521b\u9020\u4e86VERONICA\uff08\u901a\u8fc7Gopher\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u7d22\u670d\u52a1\uff09\uff0cGopher\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u5927\u5927\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aVeryEasyRodent-OrientedNetwideIndextoComputerizedArchives\u7684\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u7b80\u79f0\u3002\u904d\u5e03\u4e16\u754c\u7684gopher\u8c61\u7f51\u4e00\u6837\u641c\u96c6\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u5982\u6b64\u7684\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u5f88\u96be\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u4f46\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u51cf\u8f7b\u8d1f\u8377\u5927\u91cf\u7684VERONICA\u88ab\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5355\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e5f\u88ab\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u79f0\u505aJUGHEAD<\/p>\n<p>Archie\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u4ebaPeterDeutsch,\u4e00\u76f4\u575a\u6301Archie\u662fArchier\u7684\u7b80\u79f0\u3002\u5f53VERONICA\u548cJUGHEAD\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u51fa\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u538c\u6076\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1-\u4e92\u8054\u7f51<\/p>\n<p>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u53d1\u660e\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\u5171\u540c\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e4b\u7236<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u7f8e\u79f0\u88ab\u5148\u540e\u6388\u4e88\u591a\u4eba\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u8482\u59c6\u00b7\u4f2f\u7eb3\u65af\u00b7\u674e<\/p>\n<p>\uff08Tim Berners-Lee\uff09\u3001\u6e29\u987f\u00b7\u745f\u592b(Vint Cerf \u539f\u540d\uff1aVinton Gray \u201cVint\u201d Cerf \uff09\u3001\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u30fb<\/p>\n<p>\u5361\u6069<\/p>\n<p>\uff08Robert Elliot Kahn\uff09\u7b49\uff0c&nbsp;\u6240\u4ee5\u201c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e4b\u7236\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e3a\u201c\u51e0\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u68a6\u60f3\uff0c\u51e0\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u521b\u9020\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5229\u514b\u91cc\u5fb7\u2015\u2015\u6700\u65e9\u63d0\u51fa\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u68a6\u60f3\uff0c\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u7f51\u7edc\u201c\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u201d\u5e76\u672a\u5f97\u5230\u4e0e\u5176\u8d21\u732e\u76f8\u79f0\u7684\u8363\u8a89\u548c\u540d\u671b\uff0c\u4f46\u5386\u53f2\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5fd8\u8bb0\u8fd9\u4f4d\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u514b\u83b1\u56e0<\/p>\n<p>\u6d1b\u514b\u548c\u7f57\u4f2f\u8328\u53d1\u660e\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u96cf\u5f62\u2015\u2015ARPAnet\uff0c\u8fc8\u51fa\u4e86\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u68a6\u60f3\u7684\u4e4b\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u4ee5\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u773c\u5149\u770b\uff0cARPAnet\u663e\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u6210\u4e3a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\uff0c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u201c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7f51\u201d\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u6070\u5f53\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4f7f\u786c\u4ef6\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u90fd\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u81ea\u7531\u76f8\u8fde\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e92\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5f7c\u6b64\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u68a6\u60f3\u624d\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u745f\u592b\u548c\u5361\u6069\u4ee5\u5176TCP\/IP\u505a\u51fa\u6fc0\u654f\u4ed4\u4e86\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e4b\u7236\u201d\u662f\u5f53\u4e4b\u65e0\u6127\u7684\u3002\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u51e0\u4f4d\u6770\u51fa\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7f51\u7edc\u68a6\u60f3\u7684\u662f\u51e0\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u4e0d\u61c8\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u624d\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u4eab\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u4eca\u5929\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5e26\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e2a<\/p>\n<p>\u5730\u7403\u6751<\/p>\n<p>\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u53d8\u9769\u3002&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6269\u5c55\u8d44\u6599<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u53d1\u660e\u8d77\u91cd\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4eba\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>1\u3001\u5229\u514b\u91cc\u5fb7\u2015\u2015\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u8005<\/p>\n<p>\u5229\u514b\u91cc\u5fb7\uff081915\uff5e1990\uff09\u56e0\u5176\u6700\u65e9\u64ad\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7f51\u7edc\u7545\u60f3\u5bb6\u201d\u3002\u5229\u514b\u91cc\u5fb7\u57281942\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u63a5\u89e6\u5f53\u65f6\u65b0\u5174\u7684<\/p>\n<p>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6280\u672f<\/p>\n<p>\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u80cc\u666f\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ed6\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u80cc\u666f\u76f8\u6bd4\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u601d\u8003\u95ee\u9898\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u5229\u514b\u91cc\u5fb7\u5bf9\u4eba\u2015\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u548c\u901a\u8baf\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6d53\u539a\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2\u3001\u514b\u83b1\u56e0\u6d1b\u514b\u548c\u7f57\u4f2f\u8328\u2015\u2015\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u96cf\u5f62\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u91cc\u5965\u7eb3\u5fb7\u30fb\u514b\u83b1\u56e0\u6d1b\u514b\uff081934\uff5e\uff09\u57281961\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u6700\u65e9\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u5206\u7ec4\u4ea4\u6362\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6709\u6096\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u7f51\u7edc\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u5374\u6210\u4e3a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u514b\u83b1\u56e0\u6d1b\u514b\u4e8e1963\u5e74\u5728<\/p>\n<p>\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662<\/p>\n<p>\u83b7\u5f97\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u540e\u6765\u5230<\/p>\n<p>\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u5206\u6821<\/p>\n<p>\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ece\u4e8b\u7f51\u7edc\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1964\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u4e4b\u4e00\u90e8\u5173\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4e13\u8457\u300a\u901a\u4fe1\u7f51\u7edc\u660e\u6c6a\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1968\u5e74\uff0c\u514b\u83b1\u56e0\u6d1b\u514b\u56e0\u5176\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e13\u957f\u88ab\u9080\u8bf7\u53c2\u4e0eARPAnet\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u8d77\u8349ARPAnet\u7684\u89c4\u683c\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u514b\u83b1\u56e0\u6d1b\u514b\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u5206\u6821\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c1969\u5e74ARPAnet\u6700\u65e9\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u6821\u88ab\u9009\u4e3a\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u62ff\u5435<\/p>\n<p>3\u3001\u745f\u592b\u548c\u5361\u6069\u2015\u2015\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5236\u5b9a\u8005&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>1974\u5e74\uff0c\u745f\u592b\u548c\u5361\u6069\u5728IEEE\u901a\u4fe1\u5b66\u62a5\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u5206\u7ec4\u7f51\u4ea4\u4e92\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u300b\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u5171\u540c\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u63a7\u5236\u534f\u8bae\/\u7f51\u9645\u534f\u8bae\uff08TCP\/IP\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u867d\u713630\u591a\u5e74\u6765TCP\/IP\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5145\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u4ecd\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u5f53\u5e74\u7684\u8f6e\u5ed3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u4eba\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e4b\u7236\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e2023\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86<\/p>\n<p>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66<\/p>\n<p>\u754c\u7684\u66f4\u9ad8\u5956\u2015\u2015<\/p>\n<p>\u56fe\u7075\u5956<\/p>\n<p>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u56fe\u7075\u5956\u9996\u6b21\u6388\u4e88\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u521b\u5efa\u65b9\u9762\u4f5c\u51fa\u7a81\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002 \u3000\u3000&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1\u2013\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e4b\u7236<\/p>\n<p>\u8482\u59c6\u00b7\u4f2f\u7eb3\u65af\u00b7\u674e\uff08Tim Berners-Lee\uff09\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u535a\u7eb3\u65af\uff0e\u674e\u4e8e1990\u5e74\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u6838\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u4efb\u804c\u671f\u95f4\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7edc\u4f7f\u5f97\u6570\u4ee5\u4ebf\u8ba1\u7684\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u5229\u7528\u6d69\u701a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u535a\u7eb3\u65af\uff0e\u674e\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u7533\u8bf7\u4e13\u5229\u6216\u662f\u9650\u5236\u5b83\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u65e0\u507f\u5730\u5411\u516c\u4f17\u516c\u5f00\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u7f51\u7edc\u4ee5\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u83b7\u5f97\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u535a\u7eb3\u65af\uff0e\u674e\u7684\u53d1\u660e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u300cWWW\u300d\u7f51\u5740\u3002\u56e0\u7279\u7f51\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u53ea\u96c0\u8c28\u662f\u5c11\u6570\u51e0\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e13\u5bb6\u7684\u7279\u6709\u9886\u57df\u3002\u82ac\u5170\u6280\u672f\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u5956\u52b1\u4ed61\u767e\u4e07\u6b27\u5143\uff08120\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4e3a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6269\u5c55\u8d44\u6599\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>1989\u5e74\u4ef2\u590f\u4e4b\u591c\uff0c\u8482\u59c6\u6210\u529f\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e2aWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e2aWeb\u5ba2\u6237\u673a\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e2aWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7b80\u964b\u5f97\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\u662fCERN\u7684\u53f7\u7801\u7c3f\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u5165\u4e3b\u673a\u4ee5\u67e5\u8be2\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u53f7\u7801\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5b9e\u5b9e\u5728\u5728\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6240\u89c1\u5373\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u6d4f\u89c8\/\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1989\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u8482\u59c6\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u6b63\u5f0f\u5b9a\u540d\u4e3aWorld Wide Web\uff0c\u5373\u6211\u4eec\u719f\u6089\u7684WWW\uff1b1991\u5e745\u6708WWW\u5728 Internet\u4e0a\u9996\u6b21\u9732\u9762\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u5f15\u8d77\u8f70\u52a8\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u7684\u6210\u529f\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u63a8\u5e7f\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u7684\u6770\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u4f2f\u7eb3\u65af\u00b7\u674e\u88ab\u4e1a\u754c\u516c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e4b\u7236\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u9877\u8304\u57fa\u53d1\u660e\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u4fe1\u606f\u5316\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u6a21\u5f0f\u7eb3\u6e05\uff0c\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u5168\u65b0\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002\u7136\u800c\u6bd4\u4ed6\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u66f4\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f2f\u7eb3\u65af\u00b7\u674e\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u50cf\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u90a3\u6837\u4e3a\u201cWWW\u201d\u7533\u8bf7\u4e13\u5229\u6216\u9650\u5236\u5b83\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u65e0\u507f\u7684\u5411\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5f00\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u65f6\u4ee3\u300b\u5468\u520a\u5c06\u4f2f\u7eb3\u65af\u00b7\u674e\u8bc4\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e16\u7eaa\u6700\u6770\u51fa\u7684100\u4f4d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u6781\u4e3a\u63a8\u5d07\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u5411\u5927\u5bb6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4ed6\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u6210\u5c31\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u4e0e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u7eaf\u7cb9\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6210\u679c\u2026\u2026\u4e07\u7ef4\u7f51\u53ea\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4f2f\u7eb3\u65af\u00b7\u674e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u2026\u2026\u5f88\u96be\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u5f62\u5bb9\u4ed6\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u5927\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u50cf\u53e4\u5370\u5237\u672f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8c01\u53c8\u80fd\u8bf4\u5f97\u6e05\u695a\u5b83\u4e3a\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u600e\u6837\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u201c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u8482\u59c6\u00b7\u4f2f\u7eb3\u65af\u00b7\u674e_\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1<\/p>\n<p>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0d\u662f\u8c01\u53d1\u660e\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u662f\u65e0\u6570\u6280\u672f\u7fa4\u4f53\u5171\u540c\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u59cb\u4e8e1969\u5e74\uff0c\u662f\u7f8e\u519b\u5728ARPA\uff08\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\u7f72\uff09\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u534f\u5b9a\u4e0b\u5c06\u7f8e\u56fd\u897f\u5357\u90e8\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u5206\u6821\u3001\u53f2\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5b66\u9662\u3001\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u72b9\u4ed6\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u56db\u53f0\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u62d3\u5c55\u8d44\u6599<\/p>\n<p>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff1ainternet\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u7f51\u9645\u7f51\u8def\u6216\u97f3\u8bd1\u56e0\u7279\u7f51\u3001\u82f1\u7279\u7f51\uff0c\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u4e4b\u95f4\u6240\u4e32\u8fde\u6210\u7684\u5e9e\u5927\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u4ee5\u4e00\u7ec4\u901a\u7528\u7684\u534f\u5b9a\u76f8\u8fde\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u5de8\u5927\u56fd\u9645\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c06\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e92\u76f8\u8054\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u79f0\u4f5c\u201c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e92\u8054\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u8986\u76d6\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5168\u7403\u6027\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7edc\u79f0\u201c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u201c\u4e92\u76f8\u8fde\u63a5\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5e76\u4e0d\u7b49\u540c\u4e07\u7ef4\u7f51\uff08World&nbsp;Wide&nbsp;Web\uff09\uff0c\u4e07\u7ef4\u7f51\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u5efa\u57fa\u4e8e\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u76f8\u4e92\u94fe\u63a5\u800c\u6210\u7684\u5168\u7403\u6027\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e14\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6240\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5355\u72ec\u63d0\u8d77\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6216\u63a5\u5165\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5c06\u5176\u7b80\u79f0\u4e3a\u7f51\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\uff08the&nbsp;Net\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8baf\u3001\u793e\u4ea4\u3001\u7f51\u4e0a\u8d38\u6613\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b<\/p>\n<p>\u4e92\u5bb4\u5b8f\u8054\u7f51\u59cb\u4e8e1969\u5e74\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u56e0\u7279\u7f51\u3002\u662f\u7f8e\u519b\u5728ARPA\uff08\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\u7f72\uff09\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u534f\u5b9a\u4e0b\u5c06\u7f8e\u56fd\u897f\u5357\u90e8\u7684\u5927\u5b66UCLA\uff08\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u5206\u6821\uff09\u3001Stanford ResearchInstitute\uff08\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5b66\u9662\uff09\u3001UCSB\uff08\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\uff09\u548cUniversityofUtah\uff08\u72b9\u4ed6\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\uff09\u7684\u56db\u53f0\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u534f\u5b9a\u7531\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u7684BBN\u548cMA\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u57281969\u5e7412\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\u8054\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1968\u5e74<\/p>\n<p>1968\u5e74\uff0c\u53c2\u8bae\u5458TedKennedy\uff08\u7279\u5fb7.\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\uff09\u542c\u8bf4BBN\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86ARPA\u534f\u5b9a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5185\u90e8\u6d88\u606f\u5904\u7406\u5668\uff08IMP\uff09\uff0c\u7279\u5fb7.\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u5411BBN\u53d1\u9001\u8d3a\u7535\u795d\u8d3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u8d62\u5f97\u201c\u5185\u90e8\u6d88\u606f\u5904\u7406\u5668\u201d\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1969\u5e74<\/p>\n<p>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u59cb\u4e8e1969\u5e74\uff0c\u662f\u7f8e\u519b\u5728ARPA\uff08\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\u7f72\uff09\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u534f\u5b9a\u4e0b\u5c06\u7f8e\u56fd\u897f\u5357\u90e8\u7684\u5927\u5b66UCLA(\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u5206\u6821)\u3001Stanford ResearchInstitute(\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5b66\u9662)\u3001UCSB(\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66)\u548cUniversityofUtah(\u72b9\u4ed6\u5dde\u5927\u5b66)\u7684\u56db\u53f0\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u534f\u5b9a\u6709\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u7684BBN\u548cMA\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u57281969\u5e7412\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\u8054\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u52301970\u5e746\u6708\uff0cMIT(\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662)\u3001Harvard(\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66)\u3001BBN\u548cSystemsDevelopmentCorpinSantaMonica(\u52a0\u5dde\u5723\u8fbe\u83ab\u5c3c\u5361\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u5c55\u516c\u53f8)\u52a0\u5165\u8fdb\u6765\u3002\u52301972\u5e741\u6708\uff0cStanford(\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66)\u3001MIT\u2019sLincolnLabs(\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u6797\u80af\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4)\u3001Carnegie-Mellon(\u5361\u5185\u57fa\u6885\u9686\u5927\u5b66)\u548cCase-WesternReserveU\u52a0\u5165\u8fdb\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u5185NASA\/Ames(\u56fd\u5bb6\u822a\u7a7a\u548c\u5b87\u5b99\u822a\u884c\u5c40)\u3001Mitre\u3001Burroughs\u3001RAND(\u5170\u5fb7\u516c\u53f8)\u548ctheUofIllinois(\u4f0a\u5229\u8bfa\u5229\u5dde\u5927\u5b66)\u4e5f\u52a0\u5165\u8fdb\u6765\u30021983\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u5c06\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\u5206\u4e3a\u519b\u7f51\u548c\u6c11\u7f51\uff0c\u6e10\u6e10\u6269\u5927\u4e3a\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u6709\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u52a0\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6700\u521d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u8baf\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u70b9\u88ab\u6838\u6b66\u5668\u6467\u6bc1\u4e5f\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u9053\u4e0d\u901a\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5c31\u4f1a\u6307\u5f15\u901a\u4fe1\u4fe1\u606f\u7ecf\u7531\u4e2d\u95f4\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4f20\u64ad\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u521d\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u662f\u7ed9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e13\u5bb6\u3001\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7528\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u529e\u516c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff0c\u5e76\u664c\u6a21\u518c\u4e14\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e13\u5bb6\u3001\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u8fd8\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u90fd\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5b66\u4e60\u975e\u5e38\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u2014\u2013\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u57281974\u5e74\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u751fBobMetcalfe(\u9c8d\u52c3.\u9ea6\u7279\u5361\u592b)\u5728\u201c\u4fe1\u606f\u5305\u5e7f\u64ad\u7f51\u201d\u4e0a\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u526f\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u6700\u521d\u56e0\u4e3a\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4e0d\u591f\u800c\u88ab\u5b66\u6821\u9a73\u56de\u3002\u540e\u6765\u4ed6\u53c8\u52a0\u8fdb\u4e00\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u624d\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8eTCP\/IP\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5728\u4e03\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u8fc5\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u6700\u521d\u662f\u6709BobKahn(\u9c8d\u52c3.\u5361\u6069)\u5728BBN\u63d0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7531\u53f2\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u7684Kahn(\u5361\u6069)\u548cVintCerf(\u6e29\u7279.\u745f\u592b)\u548c\u6574\u4e2a\u4e03\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u5b8c\u5584\u3002\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0cDefenseDepartment(\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u9632\u90e8)\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u52301983\u5e74\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u666e\u904d\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Dephi\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u5728\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u5546\u4e1a\u516c\u53f8\u30021992\u5e74\u7801\u67a37\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\uff0c1992\u5e7411\u6708\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u57281995\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u5f53NFS(\u56fd\u9645\u79d1\u5b66\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a)\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e2d\u67a2\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5173\u4e8e\u5546\u4e1a\u7ad9\u70b9\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u7684\u8c23\u4f20\u90fd\u4e0d\u590d\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u64ad\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u5546\u4e1a\u7f51\u7edc\u3002AOL(\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u7ebf)\u3001Prodigy\u548cCompuServe(\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u7ebf\u670d\u52a1\u673a\u6784)\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u7f51\u4e0a\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\u7531\u4e8e\u5546\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f20\u64ad\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u673a\u6784\u81ea\u529b\u66f4\u751f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97NFS\u6210\u672c\u6295\u8d44\u7684\u635f\u5931\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f30\u91cf\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>NSF\u5df2\u7ecf\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u8d44\u52a9\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u67a2\u548c\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5f00\u59cb\u5efa\u7acbK-12\u548c\u5f53\u5730\u4efb\u4f55\u9986\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u9ad8\u7f51\u7edc\u5927\u91cf\u9ad8\u901f\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5fae\u8f6f\u5168\u9762\u8fdb\u5165\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\uff08ISP\uff09\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u516c\u53f8\u30021998\u5e746\u6708\u5fae\u8f6f\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u548cWin98\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u684c\u9762\u7535\u8111\u663e\u793a\u51faBill Gates(\u6bd4\u5c14.\u76d6\u8328)\u5728\u8fc5\u901f\u6210\u957f\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u6295\u8d44\u7684\u51b3\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8fc5\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u58ee\u5927\u7684\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5546\u4e1a\u8d70\u8fdb\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u821e\u53f0\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bfb\u627e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u89c4\u5f8b\u662f\u4e0d\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u514d\u8d39\u670d\u52a1\u5df2\u7ecf\u628a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u8d39\u7528\u53d6\u6d88\u4e86\u3002Delphi\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5728\u7ebf\u9500\u552e\u4e5f\u8fc5\u901f\u7684\u6210\u957f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e66\u7c4d\u3001\u97f3\u4e50\u3001\u5bb6\u7535\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ef7\u683c\u6bd4\u8f83\u6765\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5229\u6da6\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5c11\u7684\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u516c\u4f17\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728\u7ebf\u9500\u552e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u653e\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u793e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd<\/p>\n<p>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u662f\u5168\u7403\u6027\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u8c01\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u5b83\uff0c\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5168\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u3002\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u6309\u7167\u201c\u5305\u4ea4\u6362\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e2d\u592e\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6216\u8005\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u901a\u8fc7\u67d0\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u624b\u6bb5\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u628a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5c01\u95ed\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u5185-\u9664\u975e\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u7403\u6027\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u8054\u5165\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e24\u4e2a\u4eba\u540c\u540d\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u673a\u6784\u6765\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u786e\u5b9a\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u786e\u5b9a\u8fd9\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u5730\u5740\u201d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u201c\u547d\u540d\u6743\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u786e\u5b9a\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002\u8d1f\u8d23\u547d\u540d\u7684\u673a\u6784\u9664\u4e86\u547d\u540d\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u505a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e92\u901a<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5168\u7403\u6027\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u6784\u6765\u5236\u5b9a\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u673a\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u9075\u5b88\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u89c4\u5219\uff08\u534f\u8bae\uff09\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u5168\u7403\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7535\u8111\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u7528\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u5c06\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\u7ea7\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u5feb\u4f20\u8f93\u901f\u5ea6\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u4f20\u9001\u6d4f\u89c8\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u6784\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u4f8b\u8bc1\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5236\u5b9a\u5171\u540c\u9075\u5b88\u7684\u201c\u534f\u8bae\u201d\u7684\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u7279\u5f81\u90fd\u8bf4\u660e\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0e\u201c\u670d\u52a1\u201d\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u800c\u4e0e\u201c\u63a7\u5236\u201d\u65e0\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8fd8\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u8bf4\u5230\u7684\u201c\u4fe1\u606f\u9ad8\u901f\u516c\u8def\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u56e0\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u578b\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u5bf9\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u6280\u672f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e5f\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u3001\u73b0\u65f6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e2d\u3001\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u4ece\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u6587\u5316\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5bf9\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u672c\u8d28\u63d0\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5f71\u54cd<\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u540e5\u5e74\uff0cG20\u4e2d\u7684\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5e74\u589e\u957f8%\uff0c\u5bf9G20GDP\u8d21\u732e\u7387\u5c06\u8fbe5.3%\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u589e\u957f\u7387\u9ad8\u8fbe18%\uff0cG20\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5c06\u8fd1\u7ffb\u756a\uff0c\u589e\u52a03200\u4e07\u4e2a\u5c31\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0d\u662f\u8c01\u53d1\u660e\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u662f\u65e0\u6570\u6280\u672f\u7fa4\u4f53\u5171\u540c\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u59cb\u4e8e1969\u5e74\uff0c\u662f\u7f8e\u519b\u5728ARPA\uff08\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\u7f72\uff09\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u534f\u5b9a\u4e0b\u5c06\u7f8e\u56fd\u897f\u5357\u90e8\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u5206\u6821\u3001\u53f2\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5b66\u9662\u3001\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u72b9\u4ed6\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u56db\u53f0\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u534f\u5b9a\u6709\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u7684BBN\u548cMA\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u57281969\u5e7412\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\u8054\u673a\u3002\u52301970\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u3001\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u3001BBN\u548c\u52a0\u5dde\u5723\u8fbe\u83ab\u5c3c\u5361\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u5c55\u516c\u53f8\u52a0\u5165\u8fdb\u6765\u3002\u52301972\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u53f2\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u6797\u80af\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u3001\u5361\u5185\u57fa\u6885\u9686\u5927\u5b66\u548cCase-WesternReserveU\u52a0\u5165\u8fdb\u6765\u3002\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u5185\u56fd\u5bb6\u822a\u7a7a\u548c\u5b87\u5b99\u822a\u884c\u5c40\u3001Mitre\u3001Burroughs\u3001\u5170\u5fb7\u516c\u53f8\u548c\u4f0a\u5229\u8bfa\u5229\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u4e5f\u52a0\u5165\u8fdb\u6765\u30021983\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u5c06\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\u5206\u4e3a\u519b\u7f51\u548c\u6c11\u7f51\uff0c\u6e10\u6e10\u6269\u5927\u4e3a\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u6709\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u52a0\u5165\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e4b\u7236\u7684\u51e0\u4f4d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u8482\u59c6\u654f\u5385\u505a\u00b7\u4f2f\u7eb3\u65af\u00b7\u674e\uff08Tim Berners-Lee\uff09\u7235\u58eb\uff081955\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u4e07\u7ef4\u7f51\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u8005\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e4b\u7236\uff0c\u82f1\u738b\u529f\u7ee9\u52cb\u7ae0\uff08OM\uff09\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f0f\u621a\u5217\u98a0\u5e1d\u56fd\u52cb\u7ae0\uff08OBE\uff09\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f1a\u5458\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f1a\u5458\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u30021989\u5e743\u6708\u4ed6\u6b63\u5f0f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e07\u7ef4\u7f51\u7684\u8bbe\u60f3\uff0c1990\u5e7412\u670825\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u65e5\u5185\u74e6\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u7c92\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u91cc\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u9875\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u5173\u6ce8\u4e07\u7ef4\u7f51\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e07\u7ef4\u7f51\u8054\u76df\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u5f97\u4e16\u754c\u591a\u56fd\u6388\u4e88\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u8363\u8a89\u3002\u4ed6\u6700\u6770\u51fa\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u662f\u514d\u8d39\u628a\u4e07\u7ef4\u7f51\u7684\u6784\u60f3\u63a8\u5e7f\u5230\u5168\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e07\u7ef4\u7f51\u79d1\u6280\u83b7\u5f97\u8fc5\u901f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6df1\u6df1\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u9762\u8c8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p> \u3000\u3000 <\/p>\n<p>\u6e29\u987f\u00b7\u745f\u592b(Vinton G. Cerf)\u535a\u58eb \u3000\u3000<\/p>\n<p>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u57fa\u7840\u534f\u8bae\u2014\u2014TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u548c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u8054\u5408\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00,\u8c37\u6b4c\u5168\u7403\u526f\u603b\u88c1\u3001Internet \u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5960\u57fa\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6e29\u987f\u00b7\u745f\u592b(Vint Cerf)\u66fe\u7ecf\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e0e\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u6b64\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u201c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e4b\u7236\u201d\u7684\u7f8e\u8a89\u3002\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u514b\u6797\u987f\u603b\u7edf\u5411\u745f\u592b\u535a\u58eb\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8bRobert E. Kahn\u9881\u53d1\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u6280\u672f\u5956\u7ae0\uff0c\u8868\u5f70\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e92\u6865\u8861\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u521b\u7acb\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u30022023\u5e74\uff0cKahn\u548c\u745f\u592b\u535a\u58eb\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u534f\u8bae\u65b9\u9762\u6240\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u6770\u51fa\u6210\u5c31\u800c\u8363\u81ba\u7f8e\u56fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b66\u4f1a(ACM)\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u56fe\u7075\u5956(A.M. Turing Award)\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u5c06\u56fe\u7075\u5956\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u201d\u30022023\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u4e54\u6cbb\u2022\u5e03\u4ec0\u603b\u7edf\u5411Kahn\u548c\u745f\u592b\u535a\u58eb\u9881\u53d1\u4e86\u603b\u7edf\u81ea\u7531\u52cb\u7ae0\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u6388\u4e88\u5176\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u66f4\u9ad8\u6c11\u4e8b\u8363\u8a89\u3002 \u3000\u3000<\/p>\n<p>\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u5361\u6069Robert Elliot Kahn<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u4ee3\u5168\u7403\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0cTCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u5408\u4f5c\u53d1\u660e\u8005\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u96cf\u5f62Arpanet\u7f51\u7edc\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005\uff0c\u201c\u4fe1\u606f\u9ad8\u901f\u516c\u8def\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u521b\u7acb\u4eba\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5de5\u7a0b\u534f\u4f1a(National Academy of Engineering)\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7535\u6c14\u4e0e\u7535\u5b50\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08IEEE\u5b66\u4f1a(IEEE)fellow\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u534f\u4f1a(American Association for Artificial Intelligence)fellow\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u534f\u4f1a(ACM) fellow\uff0c\u524d\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u79d1\u6280\u987e\u95ee\u3002\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u5361\u6069\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5168\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u521b\u65b0\u8054\u5408\u4f1a(CNRI\uff0cCorporation for National Research Initiatives)\u4efb\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3002CNRI\u662f\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u5361\u6069\u4e8e1986\u5e74\u4eb2\u81ea\u9886\u5bfc\u521b\u5efa\u7684\uff0c\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u4fe1\u606f\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u63d0\u4f9b\u6307\u5bfc\u548c\u8d44\u91d1\u652f\u6301\u7684\u975e\u8d62\u5229\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u6267\u884cIETF\u7684\u79d8\u4e66\u5904\u804c\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u624b\u5de5\u6574\u7406\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u6307\u6b63\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8eacm fellow\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5230\u6b64\u5c31\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u4ece\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e86\u5417 \uff1f\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8fd8\u60f3\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f97\u6536\u85cf\u5173\u6ce8\u672c\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:https:\/\/idc.net\/\">\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\u9996\u9009\u540e\u6d6a\u4e91\uff0c2H2G\u9996\u670810\u5143\u5f00\u901a\u3002<br \/>\u540e\u6d6a\u4e91\uff08www.IDC.Net\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b80\u5355\u597d\u7528\uff0c\u4ef7\u683c\u539a\u9053\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\/\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002IDC+ISP+ICP\u8d44\u8d28\u3002ARIN\u548cAPNIC\u4f1a\u5458\u3002\u6210\u719f\u6280\u672f\u56e2\u961f15\u5e74\u884c\u4e1a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u5185\u6700\u4e3a\u53d7\u5c0a\u656c\u7684\u5956\u9879\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0cACM Fellow\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u7684\u8363\u8000\u5386\u7a0b\u6ee1\u8f7d\u7740\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fc8\u8fdb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u8def\u3002\u8fd9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7038],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-148669","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/148669","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=148669"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/148669\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=148669"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=148669"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=148669"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}