\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u540d\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u544a\u8bc9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0casc\u540e\u7f00\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u90a3\u4e48asc\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5b83\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u7528\u9014\uff1f\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4e3a\u5927\u5bb6\u89e3\u6790asc\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
1. asc\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/p>\n
asc\u662fASCII\uff08American Standard Code for Information Interchange\uff09\u7684\u7b80\u79f0\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u6362\u6807\u51c6\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0casc\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3aASCII\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u3002ASCII\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u53ea\u5305\u542bASCII\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u6392\u7248\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4ea4\u6362\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u6570\u503c\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
2. asc\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7279\u70b9<\/p>\n
1\uff09asc\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u7279\u70b9\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u6613\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002ASCII\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u53ea\u6709128\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u90fd\u75287\u4f4d\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u8868\u793a\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u6613\u4e8e\u6210\u4e3a\u901a\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u5f3a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
2\uff09asc\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u662f\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u4f7f\u5176\u5177\u6709\u6613\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u6613\u4e8e\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u6613\u4e8e\u5bfc\u5165\u548c\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n
3\uff09asc\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u5e38\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4ea4\u6362\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u7531\u4e8easc\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u5f3a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5373\u4f7f\u5c06\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4eceWindows\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u5230Mac OS\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5177\u6709\u901a\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
3. asc\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7528\u9014<\/p>\n
1\uff09asc\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982txt\u6587\u4ef6\u3002 ASCII\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u80fd\u591f\u8bfb\u53d6ASCII\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n
2\uff09asc\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4f20\u8f93\u56fe\u5f62\u4e0e\u56fe\u8868\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982CAD\u6587\u4ef6\u3001PRT\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u5728ASCII\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0b\u5bb9\u6613\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n
3\uff09asc\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u8fd8\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u503c\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6c14\u8c61\u3001\u5730\u9707\u3001\u5de5\u7a0b\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
4. <\/p>\n
asc\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u6613\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u901a\u7528\u6027\u5f3a\uff0c\u7528\u9014\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3002asc\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u56fe\u5f62\u4e0e\u56fe\u8868\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e86\u89e3asc\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u7528\u9014\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u62d3\u5c55\u9605\u8bfb\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n \u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u95ee\u9898, \u8f6cutf8, \u53bb\u6389\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u5b57\u7b26<\/p>\n \u672c\u89c6\u9891\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86Linux\u7684\u5907\u542f\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u7a7a\u614e\u4e0eLinux\u5185\u6838\u7684\u5173\u6597\u6eda\u656c\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n Linux\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u514d\u8d39\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u7c7bUnix\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8ePOSIX\u548cUnix\u7684\u591a\u7528\u8ff9\u5766\u7985\u6237\u3001\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u652f\u6301\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u548c\u591aCPU\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0cLinux\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6765\u81ea\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u8f6f\u59ff\u5c18\u4ef6\u7231\u597d\u8005\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5b83\u9664\u4e86\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65b9\u9762\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u5f3a\u52b2\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u52bf\u5934\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u7535\u8111\u3001\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u90fd\u6709\u7740\u957f\u8db3\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u9700\u8981\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u5b8c\u5584\u4fe1\u8f7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u66f4\u5927\u5316\u5730\u9002\u5e94\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n Linux\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u5f00\u6e90\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6027\u80fd\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u4f01\u4e1a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ffd\u6c42\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u5b89\u5168\uff0cLinux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u88ab\u7f51\u7edc\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\u5458\u5f53\u4f5c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\uff0cLinux\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f53\u4f5c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f53\u4f5c\u7f51\u7edc\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662fLinux\u7684 \u4e00\u5927\u4eae\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n Linux\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u6bd4 \uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f00\u653e\u6e90\u7801\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u7248\u6743\u3001\u6280\u672f\u793e\u533a\u7528\u6237\u591a\u7b49\u7279\u70b9 \uff0c\u5f00\u653e\u6e90\u7801\u4f7f\u5f97\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u88c1\u526a\uff0c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u9ad8\uff0c\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5185\u5d4c\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808 \uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u5c31\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u70b9\u4f7f\u5f97Linux\u6210\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u8def\u7531\u4ea4\u6362\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u5f00\u53d1\u5e73\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n \u800c\u4e14Linux\u524d\u666f\u597d\u3001\u5f85\u9047\u9ad8\u3001\u5c31\u4e1a\u8303\u56f4\u591a\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u4eba\u5458\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6211\u611f\u89c9\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fd8\u4e0d\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n Linux\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf <\/p>\n 1991\u5e748\u6708,\u82ac\u5170\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u5728comp.os.minix\u65b0\u95fb\u7ec4\u8d34\u4e0a\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8fd9\u6bb5\u8bdd:<\/p>\n \u4f60\u597d,\u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528minix\u7684\u4eba-\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u4e3a386(486)AT\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u514d\u8d39\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf(\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7231\u597d,\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8c61gnu\u90a3\u6837\u5f88\u5927\u5f88\u4e13\u4e1a).<\/p>\n \u8fd9\u540d\u5b66\u751f\u5c31\u662fLinusTorvalds,\u800c\u4ed6\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u2019\u7231\u597d\u2019\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u77e5\u9053\u7684Linux.<\/p>\n Linux\u5f15\u8d77\u9ed1\u5ba2\u4eec(hacker)\u7684\u6ce8\u610f,\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u52a0\u5165\u4e86Linux\u7684\u5185\u6838\u5f00\u53d1,Linux\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed1\u5ba2\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u2014-\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u5929,\u5728Linux\u793e\u533a\u91cc\u5185\u6838\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b.\u7531\u4e8e\u4e00\u6279\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u9ed1\u5ba2\u7684\u52a0\u5165,\u4f7fLinux\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc5\u731b.<\/p>\n \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u5907\u6240\u6709\u7279\u6027\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3cPOSIX\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf,Linux\u5e76\u975e\u4ec5\u7531Linus\u4e00\u4eba\u5f00\u53d1,\u800c\u662f\u7531\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u51e0\u767e\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u5171\u540c\u5f00\u53d1\u7684.\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5168\u8f6e\u6563\u8f7f\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u534f\u8c03.\u5f53\u7136,Linus\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u5b9a\u4e86\u8c03\u5b50,\u4f46Linux\u5e76\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u5185\u6838.\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u7ec4\u7ec7;\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5b66\u751f\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u5757\u65b0\u7684\u4e3b\u677f,\u5c31\u5199\u4e86\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u5757\u4e3b\u677f.\u9a6c\u91cc\u5170\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u9700\u8981\u5907\u4efd\u8f6f\u4ef6,\u5c31\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a,\u5e76\u628a\u5b83\u4f20\u7ed9\u4efb\u4f55\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4eba.\u597d\u8c61\u603b\u662f\u5728\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53d1\u751f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u4e8b.<\/p>\n 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Della Croce\u7684\u5f8b\u5e08\u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u5404\u4e2aLinux\u53d1\u5e03\u5546\u53d1\u4fe1\uff0c\u58f0\u660e\u4ed6\u62e5\u6709Linux\u5546\u6807\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6743\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8981\u6c42\u5404\u4e2a\u53d1\u5e03\u5546\u652f\u4ed8\u7248\u7a0e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d1\u884c\u5546\u96c6\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0a\u8bc9\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5c06\u8be5\u6ce8\u518c\u5546\u6807\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u914d\u7ed9Linus Torvalds\u3002 Linux\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u7248\u672c\u662f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u5c31\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u79f0\u4e3aLiveCD<\/p>\n \u4f20\u7edf\u7684Linux\u7528\u6237\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5fae\u8f6fWindows\u548cMac OS\u7684\u7528\u6237\u66f4\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u6709\u65f6\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c\u201c\u9ed1\u5ba2\u201d\u6216\u662f\u201c\u6781\u5ba2\u201d(geek)\u3002\u7136\u800c\u968f\u7740Linux\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u8bbe\u5907\u5236\u9020\u5546(OEM)\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u5176\u9500\u552e\u7684\u7535\u8111\u4e0a\u9884\u88c5\u4e0aLinux\uff0cLinux\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u4e86\u666e\u901a\u7535\u8111\u7528\u6237\uff0cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u6162\u6162\u62a2\u5360\u684c\u9762\u7535\u8111\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e02\u573a\u3002\u540c\u65f6Linux\u4e5f\u662f\u66f4\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002Linux\u4e5f\u5728\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7535\u8111\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u62e5\u6709\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u7684\u7279\u6027\u4f7fLinux\u6df1\u53d7\u7528\u6237\u6b22\u8fce\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 Linux\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6210\u672c\u4e3a\u79fb\u690d\u3001\u57f9\u8bad\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u7531\u4e8e\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u7684\u4eba\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u8d39\u7528\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8d39\u7528\u5df2\u7ecf\u968f\u7740Linux\u7684\u65e5\u76ca\u666e\u53ca\u548c Linux\u4e0a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u3001\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u65b9\u4fbf\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n KDE\u548cGNOME\u7b49\u684c\u9762\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7fLinux\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aMac\u6216Windows\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c (\u6307\u4ee4\u884c, Command Line)\u754c\u9762\u7684\u7c7bUnix\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n \u672a\u6765\u8f6f\u4ef6\u754c\u7684\u65b9\u5411<\/p>\n linux \u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f83\u65e9\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u5f00\u653e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf,\u5c06\u5f15\u9886\u672a\u6765\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u65b9\u5411.\u539f\u56e0\u5f88\u7b80\u5355,\u5c31\u8c61\u73b0\u5728\u7684wiki\u5c06\u5f88\u5feb\u5c55\u793a\u51fa\u5b83\u7684\u9b45\u529b.<\/p>\n \u57fa\u4e8e linux \u5f00\u653e\u6e90\u7801\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5927\u4e2d\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u53ca\u6295\u5165\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u6765\u5f00\u53d1 linux\u3002\u73b0\u4eca\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\u9010\u6e10\u7684\u628a\u673a\u6784\u5185\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u7535\u8111\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230 linux \u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60c5\u51b5\u8fd8\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7eed\u3002Linux \u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u4e3a\u673a\u6784\u8282\u7701\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u7ecf\u8d39\uff0c\u4e5f\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5bf9\u5c01\u95ed\u6e90\u7801\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u5fe7\u8651\u3002<\/p>\n \u5e94\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u8bfbLinux?<\/p>\n \u6839\u636eTorvalds\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0cLinux\u7684\u53d1\u97f3\u548c\u201cMinix\u201d\u662f\u62bc\u97f5\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n \u53c2\u7167\uff0c\u201cLi\u201d\u4e2d\u201ci\u201d\u7684\u53d1\u97f3\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u201cMinix\u201d\u4e2d\u201ci\u201d\u7684\u53d1\u97f3\uff0c\u800c\u201cnux\u201d\u4e2d\u201cu\u201d\u7684\u53d1\u97f3\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u82f1\u6587\u5355\u8bcd\u201cprofess\u201d\u4e2d\u201co\u201d\u7684\u53d1\u97f3\u3002<\/p>\n \u6b64\u5916\u5728\u6709\u4e00\u4efdTorvalds\u672c\u4eba\u8bf4\u8bdd\u7684\u97f3\u9891\uff0c\u97f3\u9891\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3a\u201cHello, this is Linus Torvalds, and I pronounce Linux as Linux\u201d\u3002 \u5927\u81f4\u548c\u201c\u5229\u8bb7\u514b\u65af\u201d\u7684\u97f3\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u662f\u5229\u7eb3\u514b\u65af\u3001\u5229\u725b\u514b\u65af\u3001\u5229\u52aa\u514b\u65af\u6216\u8005\u5229\u5c3c\u514b\u65af\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n \u8bf7\u5927\u5bb6\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u4e2a\u97f3\u6807\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248<\/p>\n Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248(Linux distribution)\u6307\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u201cLinux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u6216\u8005\u4e2a\u4eba\u53d1\u884c\u7684\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2aLinux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u5305\u62ecLinux\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u5c06\u6574\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u5957\u5b89\u88c5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5404\u79cdGNU\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u81ea\u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e13\u6709\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e3b\u6d41\u7684Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248<\/p>\n * Asianux<\/p>\n * B2D Linux<\/p>\n * Conectiva Linux<\/p>\n * Debian GNU\/Linux<\/p>\n * Fedora Core<\/p>\n * Gentoo Linux<\/p>\n * Knoppix Linux<\/p>\n * Linux From Scratch<\/p>\n * Magic Linux<\/p>\n * Mandriva Linux<\/p>\n * Red Hat Linux<\/p>\n * Slackware Linux<\/p>\n * Stanix Live CD<\/p>\n * SUSE Linux<\/p>\n * Turbo Linux<\/p>\n * Ubuntu Linux<\/p>\n #\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u90e8\u5206\u56fd\u5185\u7684Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u672c<\/p>\n * Magic Linux(\u793e\u533a\u53d1\u884c\u7248)<\/p>\n * RedFlag Linux(RedFlag\u7ea2\u65d7\u516c\u53f8\u4ea7\u54c1)<\/p>\n ==============<\/p>\n GNU\/Linux\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u514d\u8d39\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u7c7bUnix\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u7531\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002Linux\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bcd\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6307\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u6838\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5176\u5916\u56f4\u6709\u8bb8\u591aGPL\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u4e0b\u7684\u3001GNU\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u901a\u5e38\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u8bf4\u7684Linux\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aGNU\/Linux\uff01<\/p>\n \u5b83\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u6027\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u8457\u79f0\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u5728PC\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5168\u90e8\u7684Unix\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u591a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002GNU\/Linux\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u53d7\u5230\u5e7f\u5927\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7231\u597d\u8005\u7684\u559c\u7231\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u5b83\u5c5e\u4e8e\u81ea\u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u7528\u652f\u4ed8\u4efb\u4f55\u8d39\u7528\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u5b83\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5b83\u8fdb\u884c\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u5177\u6709Unix\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n GNU\/Linux\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf(Network Operating System,NOS)\u3002\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n \uff081\uff09\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u5404\u79cd\u7b80\u4fbf\u6709\u6548\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u672c\u673a\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\uff1b<\/p>\n \uff082\uff09\u5408\u7406\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n \u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u548c\u786c\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u6548\u5229\u7528\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5219\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n \uff081\uff09\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u5404\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab\uff1b<\/p>\n \uff082\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff1b<\/p>\n \uff083\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u7f51\u7edc\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n GNU\/Linux\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u4ee5Linus Torvalds\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u4e00\u6279Internet\u4e0a\u7684\u5fd7\u613f\u8005\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u514d\u8d39\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u53e6\u4e00\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edfUNIX\u5b8c\u5168\u517c\u5bb9,\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u4ef7\u683c\u6bd4\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf.<\/p>\n \u76ee\u524dGNU\/Linux\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u5728x86PC\u3001SUN SPARC\u3001DEC alpha\u3001PowerPC\u3001ARM\u53caIA64\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4GNU\/Linux\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u786c\u4ef6\u5e73\u53f0\u6700\u591a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e7f\u5927x86 PC\u7528\u6237\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cGNU\/Linux\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u57fa\u4e8eIntel\u3001Cyrix\u3001AMD\u7b49\u82af\u7247\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fc5\u901f\u5730\u5c06\u4e00\u53f0\u4e2a\u4eba\u7535\u8111\u7acb\u523b\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u53f0\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u52b2\u7684UNIX\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n \u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8bf4,Linux\u662fUnix\u514b\u9686(Unix clone)\u6216Unix\u98ce\u683c(Unix alike)\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf(OS),\u5728\u539f\u4ee3\u7801\u7ea7\u4e0a\u517c\u5bb9\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206Unix\u6807\u51c6(\u6307\u7684\u662fIEEE POSIX,System V,BSD),\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u652f\u6301\u591a\u7528\u6237, \u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b,\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b,\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u529f\u80fd \u5f3a\u5927\u800c\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf.\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884cx86PC,Sun Sparc,Digital Alpha,680\u00d70,PowerPC, MIPS\u7b49\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a,\u53ef \u4ee5\u8bf4Linux\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u786c\u4ef6\u5e73\u53f0\u6700\u591a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf. Linux\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u662fGNU(Gnu\u2019s Not Unix\u2014-\u6709\u70b9\u5206\u5f62\u4e0e\u6df7\u6c8c\u7684\u610f\u5473\u2014-\u65e0\u9650\u81ea\u5305\u542b,\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8bf4GNU\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4f53\u7cfb)\u7684\u4e00\u5458,\u9075\u5faa\u516c\u5171\u7248\u6743\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1(GPL),\u79c9\u627f \u201c\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u601d\u60f3,\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u6e90\u7801\u201d\u7684\u539f\u5219,\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\/\u7231\u597d\u8005\u901a\u8fc7Internet\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u5b8c\u5584\u5e76\u7ef4\u62a4\u5b83,\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4Linux\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7231\u597d\u8005\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf. \u8ffd\u8ff0Linux\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u76f4\u52301990\u5e74,Linus Torvalds\u8fd8\u662f\u82ac\u5170\u8d6b\u5c14\u8f9b\u57fa\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u540d\u5b66\u751f,\u6700\u521d\u662f\u7528\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u572880386\u4fdd\u62a4\u94f6\u5ca9\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u5207\u6362\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f,\u540e\u6765\u4eceMinix(Andy Tanenbaum\u6559\u6388\u6240\u5199\u7684\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684Unix\u64cd\u94f6\u5706\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf,\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6559\u5b66)\u5f97\u5230\u7075\u611f,\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u81ea\u8ba4\u4e3a\u72c2\u5984\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u2014-\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4Minix\u66f4\u597d\u7684Minix,\u4e8e\u662f\u5f00\u59cb\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f,\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf,\u2026\u2026,\u8fd9\u68370.0.1\u7248\u672c\u7684Linux\u5c31\u51fa\u6765\u4e86,\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u53ea\u5177\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u7684\u52c9\u5f3a\u7684\u96cf\u5f62,\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd0\u884c,\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u6709Minix\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7f16\u8bd1\u4ee5\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u73a9.\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019 Linus\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u5168\u7740\u8ff7\u800c\u4e0d\u60f3\u505c\u6b62,\u51b3\u5b9a\u8e22\u5f00Minix,\u4e8e\u662f\u57281991\u5e7410 \u67085\u53f7\u53d1\u5e03Linux 0.0.2\u7248\u672c,\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884cbash(the GNU Bourne Again Shell\u2014-\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u6237\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u901a\u8baf\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6)\u548cgcc(GNU C \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668).\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb,Linus\u5c31\u51b3\u5b9a\u81ea\u7531\u6269\u6563Linux,\u5305\u62ec\u539f\u4ee3\u7801,\u4ed6\u5728comp.os.minix\u65b0\u95fb\u8ba8\u8bba\u7ec4\u91cc\u53d1\u5e03Linux 0.0.2\u65f6\u5199\u5230: <\/p>\n \u201cDo you pine for nice days of Minix-1.1, when mem were men and wrote their own device drivers? Are you without a niceproject and just dying to cut your teeth on a OS you can try to modify for your needs? Are you finding it frustrsting when everything works on Minix? No more all-nighters to get a nifty program working? Then this post might be just for you. <\/p>\n \u201cAs I mentioned a month ago, I\u2019m working on a free version of a Minix-lookalike for AT-386 computers. It has finally reached the stage where it\u2019s even usable(though may not be depending on what you want),and I am willing to put out the sources for wider distribution. It is just version 0.0.2 \u2026 but I\u2019ve successfully run bash,gcc,gnu-make,gnu-sed,compress,etc.under it.\u201d <\/p>\n \u968f\u5373Linux\u5f15\u8d77\u9ed1\u5ba2\u4eec(hacker)\u7684\u6ce8\u610f,\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u52a0\u5165\u4e86Linux\u7684\u5185\u6838\u5f00\u53d1,Linux\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed1\u5ba2\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u2014-\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u5929,\u5728Linux\u793e\u533a\u91cc\u5185\u6838\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b.\u7531\u4e8e\u4e00\u6279\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u9ed1\u5ba2\u7684\u52a0\u5165,\u4f7fLinux\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc5\u731b,\u52301993\u5e74\u5e9594\u5e74\u521d,Linux 1.0\u7ec8\u4e8e\u8bde\u751f\u4e86! 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php linux\u4e0b\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u5411\u6a21\u7248js\u4f20\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u524d\u9762\u83ab\u540d\u5176\u5999\u591a\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u6458\u51fa\u6765\u7528asc\u7f16\u7801\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u201c\u9518\u5321\u8c62\u201c<\/h3>\n
LINUX\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h3>\n