{"id":126639,"date":"2023-03-20T12:05:00","date_gmt":"2023-03-20T04:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.idc.net\/help\/126639\/"},"modified":"2023-03-20T12:05:00","modified_gmt":"2023-03-20T04:05:00","slug":"%e8%bd%bb%e6%9d%be%e8%bf%9c%e7%a8%8b%e5%85%b3%e6%9c%ba%ef%bc%81%e5%ad%a6%e4%bc%9alinux%e8%bf%9c%e7%a8%8b%e5%85%b3%e6%9c%ba%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%ef%bc%81-linux%e8%bf%9c%e7%a8%8b%e5%85%b3%e6%9c%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/126639\/","title":{"rendered":"\u8f7b\u677e\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5173\u673a\uff01\u5b66\u4f1aLinux\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5173\u673a\u6559\u7a0b\uff01 (linux\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5173\u673a)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u968f\u7740\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5de5\u4f5c\u52a9\u624b\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002 \u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u516c\u53f8\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u7535\u8111\uff0c\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\u5458\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5173\u673a\u524d\u8981\u6328\u4e2a\u53bb\u70b9\u51fb\u5173\u673a\uff0c\u663e\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5173\u673a\u5c31\u663e\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u4e86\u3002 \u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5173\u673a\u6559\u7a0b\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f60\u5750\u5728\u7535\u8111\u524d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u968f\u65f6\u8dd1\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65c1\u8fb9\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u5173\u673a\u547d\u4ee4\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5173\u673a\u547d\u4ee4\u5171\u6709\u4e03\u4e2a\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>1. shut down\uff1a\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237 shutdown \u547d\u4ee4 30 \u79d2\u4e4b\u540e\u5173\u673a\uff0croot \u7528\u6237\u7acb\u5373\u5173\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2. reboot\uff1a\u91cd\u542f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3. halt\uff1a\u7acb\u5373\u5173\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>4. poweroff\uff1a\u7acb\u5373\u65ad\u7535\u3002<\/p>\n<p>5. init 0\uff1a\u5173\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>6. init 6\uff1a\u91cd\u542f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>7. init 5\uff1a\u5207\u6362\u81f3\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u5173\u673a<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u662f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5173\u673a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6765\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5173\u673a\u3002 \u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165 ssh \u7528\u6237\u540d@IP \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u767b\u5f55\u3002 ssh \u8fde\u63a5\u6210\u529f\u540e\u8f93\u5165\u5173\u673a\u547d\u4ee4 sudo shutdown -h now\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801\u8bb2\u89e3\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>shutdown\uff1a\u5173\u673a\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>-h\uff1ahalt \u7684\u7b80\u5199\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5173\u673a\u540e\u7acb\u5373\u505c\u673a\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>now\uff1a\u5173\u673a\u547d\u4ee4\u7acb\u5373\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u572810\u5206\u949f\u4e4b\u540e\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5173\u673a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>shutdowm -h +10<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c+10\u8868\u793a\u572810\u5206\u949f\u540e\u5173\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Webmin\u5173\u673a<\/p>\n<p>Webmin\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u7531Perl\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u7684Web\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u5f00\u5173\u673a\u3001\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e0bWebmin\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5173\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1. \u4e0b\u8f7dWebmin<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5b98\u7f51\u4e0b\u8f7dWebmin\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2. \u5b89\u88c5Webmin\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n<p>\u8fdb\u5165Webmin\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u540e\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u5230 Webmin\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p># cd \/tmp\/webmin-1.500\/ # sh setup.sh<\/p>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5\u65f6\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u8f93\u5165\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a10000\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5176\u4ed6\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3. \u542f\u52a8Webmin\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8f93\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/IP:10000<\/p>\n<p>\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5176\u4e2dIP\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<p>4. \u8fdc\u7a0b\u5173\u673a<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Webmin\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf -&gt; \u5173\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5173\u673a\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528shell\u811a\u672c\u6279\u91cf\u5173\u673a<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u96c6\u4e2d\u5730\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\u6240\u6709\u673a\u5668\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u5199\u811a\u672c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002 \u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 \/root\/shell\/ \u4e0b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a batch_close.sh \u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6279\u91cf\u5173\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>#!\/bin\/bash<\/p>\n<p>for i in `cat \/root\/host.list`<\/p>\n<p>do <\/p>\n<p> echo \u201cclose $i\u2019s power\u201d<\/p>\n<p> ssh root@$i \u201cinit 0\u201d<\/p>\n<p>done<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d \u201ccat \/root\/host.list\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5173\u673a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5217\u8868\u3002 shell\u811a\u672c\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90fd\u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5173\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e94\u3001<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u672c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86Linux\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5173\u673a\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u5173\u673a\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Webmin\u5173\u673a\u3001\u4f7f\u7528shell\u811a\u672c\u6279\u91cf\u5173\u673a\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5173\u673a\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u56db\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u65e5\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e26\u6765\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u4fbf\u5229\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6ce8\u610f\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u62d3\u5c55\u9605\u8bfb\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Linux\u4e4b\u4e09Linux\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\/\u5173\u673a<\/li>\n<li>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u600e\u4e48\u5173\u673a<\/li>\n<li>linux\/debian\u5230\u5e95\u600e\u4e48\u91cd\u542f\u548c\u5173\u673a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Linux\u4e4b\u4e09Linux\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\/\u5173\u673a<\/h3>\n<p>man ls<\/p>\n<p> man pages\u624b\u518c\u9875<\/p>\n<p> \u663e\u793a\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u6570\u5b57\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n<p> Ctrl+Alt+F1\/F2\u2026\u2026F6<\/p>\n<p> Ctrl+Alt+F7,\u56de\u5230\u56fe\u5f62\u5316\u754c\u9762<\/p>\n<p> who\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u90a3\u51e0\u4e2atty\u8fde\u63a5\u7740<\/p>\n<p> Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u67097\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b(runlevel)\uff1a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f3\u548c5<\/p>\n<p> \u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b0\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u505c\u673a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbe\u4e3a0\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u542f\u52a8<\/p>\n<p> \u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b1\uff1a\u5355\u7528\u6237\u5de5\u4f5c\u72b6\u6001\uff0croot\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u9646<\/p>\n<p> \u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b2\uff1a\u591a\u7528\u6237\u72b6\u6001(\u6ca1\u6709NFS)\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n<p> \u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b3\uff1a\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u591a\u7528\u6237\u72b6\u6001(\u6709NFS)\uff0c\u767b\u9646\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p> \u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b4\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559<\/p>\n<p> \u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b5\uff1aX11\u8868\u793a\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762<\/p>\n<p> \u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b6\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5e38\u5173\u95ed\u5e76\u91cd\u542f\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbe\u4e3a6\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u542f\u52a8<\/p>\n<p> \u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b<\/p>\n<p> \u63a5\u901a\u7535\u6e90BIOS\u81ea\u68c0\uff0c\u6309\u7167BIOS\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u786c\u76d8\uff09\u6765\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u63a5\u7ba1\u786c\u4ef6\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c<\/p>\n<p> \u9996\u5148\u8bfb\u5165 \/boot \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p> init \u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u6bd4\u62df\u6210\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8001\u7956\u5b97\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u542f\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p> init \u7a0b\u5e8f\u9996\u5148\u662f\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 \/etc\/inittab<\/p>\n<p> \u8bb8\u591a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5728Windows\u53eb\u505a\u201d\u670d\u52a1\u201d\uff08service\uff09\uff0c\u5728Linux\u5c31\u53eb\u505a\u201d\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u201d\uff08daemon\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p> init\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u53bb\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p> \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u573a\u5408\u9700\u8981\u542f\u52a8\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7528\u4f5c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u542f\u52a8Apache\uff0c\u7528\u4f5c\u684c\u9762\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<p> Linux\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u573a\u4e4e\u5de7\u5408\uff0c\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u53eb\u505a\u201d\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u201d\uff08runlevel\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p> \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u6839\u636e\u201d\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u201d\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u54ea\u4e9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p> ============================================================<\/p>\n<p> Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u67097\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b(runlevel)\uff1a<\/p>\n<p> \u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b0\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u505c\u673a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbe\u4e3a0\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u542f\u52a8<\/p>\n<p> \u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b1\uff1a\u5355\u7528\u6237\u5de5\u4f5c\u72b6\u6001\uff0croot\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u9646<\/p>\n<p> \u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b2\uff1a\u591a\u7528\u6237\u72b6\u6001(\u6ca1\u6709NFS)<\/p>\n<p> \u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b3\uff1a\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u591a\u7528\u6237\u72b6\u6001(\u6709NFS)\uff0c\u767b\u9646\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p> \u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b4\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559<\/p>\n<p> \u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b5\uff1aX11\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\uff0c\u767b\u9646\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u56fe\u5f62GUI\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p> \u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b6\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5e38\u5173\u95ed\u5e76\u91cd\u542f\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbe\u4e3a6\uff0c\u6881\u9877\u80a2\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u542f\u52a8<\/p>\n<p> \u5728init\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u884c\uff1a si::sysinit:\/etc\/rc.d\/rc.sysinit\u3000\u5b83\u8c03\u7528\u6267\u884c\u4e86\/etc\/rc.d\/rc.sysinit\uff0c<\/p>\n<p> \u800crc.sysinit\u662f\u4e00\u4e2abash shell\u7684\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5b83\u6a61\u4e16\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0crc.sysinit\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u90fd\u8981\u9996\u5148\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n<p> \u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6709\uff1a\u6fc0\u6d3b\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u52a0\u8f7d\u786c\u4ef6\u6a21\u5757\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u5b83\u4e00\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u4f18\u5148\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1<\/p>\n<p> rc\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\uff0c\u8fd4\u56deinit\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e5f\u5df2\u7ecf\u542f\u52a8\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p> init\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u4f1a\u6253\u5f006\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5728inittab\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee5\u4e0b6\u884c\u5c31\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e866\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\uff1a<\/p>\n<p> \u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\uff1a<\/p>\n<p> \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u767b\u5f55<\/p>\n<p> \uff082\uff09ssh\u767b\u5f55<\/p>\n<p> \uff083\uff09\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u767b\u5f55<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u5728linux\u9886\u57df\u5185\u5927\u591a\u7528\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u9047\u5230\u5173\u673a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8dd1\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u6c38\u65e0\u6b62\u5883\u7684\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\u624d\u4f1a\u5173\u673a \u3002<\/p>\n<p> \u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5173\u673a\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e3a\uff1async &gt; shutdown &gt; reboot &gt; halt<\/p>\n<p> sync \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7531\u5185\u5b58\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u786c\u76d8\u4e2d<\/p>\n<p> shutdown \u2013h 10 \u2018This server will shutdown after 10 mins\u2019 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u544a\u8bc9\u5927\u5bb6\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5c06\u572810\u5206\u949f\u540e\u5173\u673a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u5728\u767b\u9646\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e2d<\/p>\n<p> Shutdown \u2013h now \u7acb\u9a6c\u5173\u673a<\/p>\n<p> Shutdown \u2013r now \u7cfb\u7edf\u7acb\u9a6c\u91cd\u542f<\/p>\n<p> reboot \u5c31\u662f\u91cd\u542f\uff0c\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e shutdown \u2013r now<\/p>\n<p> halt \u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7b49\u540c\u4e8eshutdown \u2013h now \u548c poweroff<\/p>\n<p> \u6700\u540e\u603b\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u662f\u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8981\u8fd0\u884csync\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u628a\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u4e2d\u3002 <\/p>\n<p> \u91cd\u65b0\u5b89\u88c5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5417\uff1f\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u7528\uff01\u8fdb\u5165\u5355\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\u66f4\u6539\u4e00\u4e0broot\u5bc6\u7801\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<p> 1 \u91cd\u542fLinux\uff0c\u89c1\u5230\u4e0b\u56fe\uff0c\u57283\u79d2\u949f\u4e4b\u5185\u6309\u4e0b\u56de\u8f66<\/p>\n<p> 2 \u4e09\u79d2\u4e4b\u5185\u8981\u6309\u4e00\u4e0b\u56de\u8f66\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u5982\u4e0b\u754c\u9762<\/p>\n<p> 3 \u6309\u4e0be\u952e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5165\u4e0b\u56fe<\/p>\n<p> 4 \u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u6309e\u952e<\/p>\n<p> 5 \u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n<p> \u4fee\u6539\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u56de\u8f66\u952e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309b\u952e\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u8fdb\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n<p> 6 \u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n<p> \u6700\u7ec8\u4fee\u6539\u5b8c\u5bc6\u7801\uff0creboot\u4e00\u4e0b\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u600e\u4e48\u5173\u673a<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728Xfce\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u7528\u6237\u53cb\u7b11\u5229\u7528Hal\u5173\u673a\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5sudo\u3002\u7136\u540e\u7528visudo -f\u547d\u4ee4\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u5230\/etc\/sudoers\u4e2d<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>%users hostname=NOPASSWD:\/usr\/lib\/\u9500\u54d7xfce4\/xf-shutdown-helper<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u5355\u4e00\u7528\u6237\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>user hostname=NOPASSWD:\/usr\/lib\/xfce4\/xf-shutdown-helper<\/p>\n<p>\u66ff\u6362\u5176\u4e2d\u7684user\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0chostname\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff08\u4f60\u53ef\u4e8f\u544a\u884c\u4ee5\u7528hostname\u547d\u4ee4\u5f97\u5230\u5b83\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u4f60\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7684\u201c\u5173\u673a\u201d\u548c\u201c\u91cd\u542f\u201d\u9009\u9879\u5c31\u6fc0\u6d3b\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>linux\u5bf9\u6743\u9650\u628a\u63a7\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e25\u683c\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u673a\u6216\u91cd\u542f\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u539f\u5219\u4e0alinux\u666e\u901a\u7528\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u5173\u673a\u6743\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8ba9linux\u7684\u914d\u7ea4\u51f3\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u4e5f\u6709\u5173\u673a\u548c\u91cd\u542f\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u4f1a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5efa\u8baelinux\u5f00\u542f\u5173\u673a\u548c\u91cd\u542f\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u57f9\u65c5\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528sudo\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u9996\u5148\u5b89\u88c5sudo\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>#pacman -S sudo<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728root\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u7528visudo\u547d\u4ee4\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5230\/etc\/sudoers\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u672b\u7aef\u3002\u66ff\u6362\u5176\u4e2d\u7684user\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0chostname\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>user hostname=NOPASSWD: \/in\/shutdown -h now<\/p>\n<p>user hostname=NOPASSWD: \/in\/reboot<\/p>\n<p>\u6216\u8005\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e00\u884c\u8868\u793a<\/p>\n<p>user hostname=NOPASSWD: \/in\/shutdown -h now,\/in\/reboot<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528sudo shutdown -h now\u547d\u4ee4\u5173\u673a\uff0creboot\u547d\u4ee4\u91cd\u542f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Xfce\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u7528\u6237\u5229\u7528Hal\u5173\u673a\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5sudo\u3002\u7136\u540e\u7528visudo -f\u547d\u4ee4\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u5230\/etc\/sudoers\u4e2d<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>%users hostname=NOPASSWD:\/usr\/lib\/xfce4\/xf-shutdown-helper<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u7ad6\u660e\u5355\u4e00\u7528\u6237\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>user hostname=NOPASSWD:\/usr\/lib\/xfce4\/xf-shutdown-helper<\/p>\n<p>\u66ff\u6362\u5176\u4e2d\u7684user\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0chostname\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff08\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528hostname\u547d\u4ee4\u5f97\u5230\u5b83\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u4f60\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7684\u201c\u5173\u673a\u201d\u548c\u201c\u91cd\u542f\u201d\u9009\u9879\u5c31\u6fc0\u6d3b\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237 \u597d\u50cf\u6ca1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6743\u9650 \u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0d\u4e86\u5427<\/p>\n<h3>linux\/debian\u5230\u5e95\u600e\u4e48\u91cd\u542f\u548c\u5173\u673a<\/h3>\n<p>1\u3001\u6253\u5c18\u5c81\u9877\u5f00LINUX\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7528UBUNTU\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u5165shutdown\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5728\u4e00\u5206\u949f\u540e\u6d3e\u9646\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3\u3001\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165shutdown -c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d6\u6d88\u5173\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>4\u3001\u540e\u9762\u8f93\u5165now\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8868\u793a\u9a6c\u4e0a\u5173\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>5\u3001\u96c0\u6398\u70b9\u51fbENTER\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5173\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>6\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u8981\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>7\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5177\u4f53\u8981\u5173\u673a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8elinux\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5173\u673a\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5230\u6b64\u5c31\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u4ece\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e86\u5417 \uff1f\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8fd8\u60f3\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f97\u6536\u85cf\u5173\u6ce8\u672c\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:https:\/\/idc.net\/\">\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\u9996\u9009\u540e\u6d6a\u4e91\uff0c2H2G\u9996\u670810\u5143\u5f00\u901a\u3002<br \/>\u540e\u6d6a\u4e91\uff08www.IDC.Net\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b80\u5355\u597d\u7528\uff0c\u4ef7\u683c\u539a\u9053\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\/\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002IDC+ISP+ICP\u8d44\u8d28\u3002ARIN\u548cAPNIC\u4f1a\u5458\u3002\u6210\u719f\u6280\u672f\u56e2\u961f15\u5e74\u884c\u4e1a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u968f\u7740\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5de5\u4f5c\u52a9\u624b\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-126639","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/126639","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=126639"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/126639\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=126639"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=126639"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=126639"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}