{"id":121394,"date":"2021-12-02T15:44:04","date_gmt":"2021-12-02T07:44:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.idc.net\/help\/121394\/"},"modified":"2021-12-02T15:44:04","modified_gmt":"2021-12-02T07:44:04","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%a7%a3%e5%86%b3linux%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b7%e6%9d%83%e9%99%90%e4%b8%8d%e8%b6%b3%e7%9a%84%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98-linux%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b7%e6%9d%83%e9%99%90%e4%b8%8d%e5%a4%9f%e6%80%8e","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/121394\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u51b3Linux\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u95ee\u9898 (linux\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u591f\u600e\u4e48\u529e)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u5176\u5f00\u6e90\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u7b49\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u8bbe\u5907\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u5f97\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u63d0\u5347\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Sudo\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027\u6743\u9650\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1. \u63d0\u5347\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6743\u9650\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6709root\u7528\u6237\u3001\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7b49\u3002root\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u6743\u9650\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7cfb\u7edf\u5173\u952e\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e94\u5728\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u800c\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u80fd\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u9650\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u8bbf\u95ee\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fee\u6539\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u9700\u8981root\u6743\u9650\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u5347\u6743\u9650\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u63d0\u5347\u6743\u9650\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>1) su\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<p>su\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7ec8\u7aef\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4e2d\u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528su\u547d\u4ee4\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u9700\u8981root\u6743\u9650\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>a. \u6253\u5f00\u7ec8\u7aef\u7a97\u53e3\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>b. \u8f93\u5165su\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u56de\u8f66\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>c. \u8f93\u5165root\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u5e76\u56de\u8f66\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u6210\u529f\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2) sudo\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<p>sudo\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u4ee5\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528sudo\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5root\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\u6267\u884c\u9700\u8981root\u6743\u9650\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>a. \u6253\u5f00\u7ec8\u7aef\u7a97\u53e3\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>b. \u8f93\u5165sudo\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u56de\u8f66\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>c. \u8f93\u5165\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u5e76\u56de\u8f66\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>d. \u6267\u884c\u9700\u8981root\u6743\u9650\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2. \u4f7f\u7528Sudo\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u7cfb\u7edf\u88ab\u6076\u610f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6743\u9650\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u53ea\u6709root\u7528\u6237\u624d\u80fd\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u7528\u6237\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4f46\u7528\u6237\u6ca1\u6709root\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Sudo\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u4ee5root\u6743\u9650\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5177\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>a. \u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u6267\u884csudo su\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u7528\u6237\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>b. \u4f7f\u7528chmod\u547d\u4ee4\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>c. \u4f7f\u7528chown\u547d\u4ee4\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>d. \u4f7f\u7528chgrp\u547d\u4ee4\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u4e3a644\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>sudo su<\/p>\n<p>chmod 644 \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf<\/p>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\uff0c\u9000\u51faroot\u7528\u6237\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3. \u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u3002\u5c5e\u6027\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u3001\u62e5\u6709\u7ec4\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\uff1b\u6743\u9650\u5305\u62ec\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u3001\u6267\u884c\u7b49\u3002\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6743\u9650\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528chmod\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5c06\/var\/log\/nginx\/access.log\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a777\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>sudo chmod 777 \/var\/log\/nginx\/access.log<\/p>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u5c31\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a777\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u5347\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Sudo\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027\u6743\u9650\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u6ce8\u610f\u6743\u9650\u7b49\u7ea7\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u9020\u6210\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u9ebb\u70e6\u6216\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528root\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u5728\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u7cfb\u7edf\u88ab\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u62d3\u5c55\u9605\u8bfb\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Linux\u5728root\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u4fee\u6539\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u591f\u600e\u4e48\u529e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Linux\u5728root\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u4fee\u6539\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u591f\u600e\u4e48\u529e<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f60\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f60\u5728\u5b89\u8ba9\u952e\u88c5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7528\u6237\u540d\u4e3aroot\uff0c\u4f60\u6ca1\u6709\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<p>1\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u7528\u8fd0\u76aeadduser\u547d\u4ee4\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>#adduser<\/p>\n<p>tommy<\/p>\n<p>\/\/\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3atommy\u7684\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n<p>#passwd<\/p>\n<p>tommy<\/p>\n<p>\/\/\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n<p>Changing<\/p>\n<p>password<\/p>\n<p>for<\/p>\n<p>user<\/p>\n<p>tommy.<\/p>\n<p>New<\/p>\n<p>UNIX<\/p>\n<p>password:<\/p>\n<p>\/\/\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8f93\u5165\u65b0\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n<p>Retype<\/p>\n<p>new<\/p>\n<p>UNIX<\/p>\n<p>password:<\/p>\n<p>\/\/\u518d\u6b21\u8f93\u5165\u65b0\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n<p>passwd:<\/p>\n<p>all<\/p>\n<p>authentication<\/p>\n<p>tokens<\/p>\n<p>updated<\/p>\n<p>successfully.<\/p>\n<p>2\u3001\u8d4b\u4e88root\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n<p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n<p>\/etc\/sudoers<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u628a\u524d\u9762\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\uff08#\uff09\u53bb\u6389<\/p>\n<p>##<\/p>\n<p>Allows<\/p>\n<p>people<\/p>\n<p>in<\/p>\n<p>group<\/p>\n<p>wheel<\/p>\n<p>to<\/p>\n<p>run<\/p>\n<p>all<\/p>\n<p>commands<\/p>\n<p>%wheel<\/p>\n<p>ALL=(ALL)<\/p>\n<p>ALL<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5c5e\u4e8eroot\u7ec4\uff08wheel\uff09\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>#usermod<\/p>\n<p>-g<\/p>\n<p>root<\/p>\n<p>tommy<\/p>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\u5b8c\u6bd5\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528tommy\u5e10\u53f7\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<p>su<\/p>\n<p>\u2013<\/p>\n<p>\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97root\u6743\u9650\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n<p>\/etc\/sudoers<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u5728root\u4e0b\u9762\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>##<\/p>\n<p>Allow<\/p>\n<p>root<\/p>\n<p>to<\/p>\n<p>run<\/p>\n<p>any<\/p>\n<p>commands<\/p>\n<p>anywhere<\/p>\n<p>root<\/p>\n<p>ALL=(ALL)<\/p>\n<p>ALL<\/p>\n<p>tommy<\/p>\n<p>ALL=(ALL)<\/p>\n<p>ALL<\/p>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\u5b8c\u6bd5\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528tommy\u5e10\u53f7\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<p>su<\/p>\n<p>\u2013<\/p>\n<p>\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97root\u6743\u9650\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e09\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n<p>\/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u5982\u4e0b\u884c\uff0c\u628a\u7528\u6237ID\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a<\/p>\n<p>\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>tommy:x:500:500:tommy:\/home\/tommy:\/bin\/bash<\/p>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n<p>tommy:x:0:500:tommy:\/home\/tommy:\/bin\/bash<\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\uff0c\u7528tommy\u8d26\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u540e\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u5c31\u662froot\u5e10\u53f7\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53cb\u60c5\u63d0\u9192\uff1a\u867d\u7136\u65b9\u6cd5\u5766\u6084\u5de7\u4e09\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u7b80\u5355\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>linux\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u591f\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5c31\u804a\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u5427\uff0c\u611f\u8c22\u4f60\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u7ad9\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8elinux\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u591f\u600e\u4e48\u529e,\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u51b3Linux\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u95ee\u9898,Linux\u5728root\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u4fee\u6539\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u591f\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u522b\u5fd8\u4e86\u5728\u672c\u7ad9\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u627e\u5594\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:https:\/\/idc.net\/\">\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\u9996\u9009\u540e\u6d6a\u4e91\uff0c2H2G\u9996\u670810\u5143\u5f00\u901a\u3002<br \/>\u540e\u6d6a\u4e91\uff08www.IDC.Net\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b80\u5355\u597d\u7528\uff0c\u4ef7\u683c\u539a\u9053\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\/\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002IDC+ISP+ICP\u8d44\u8d28\u3002ARIN\u548cAPNIC\u4f1a\u5458\u3002\u6210\u719f\u6280\u672f\u56e2\u961f15\u5e74\u884c\u4e1a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u5176\u5f00\u6e90\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u7b49\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u8bbe\u5907\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u5f97\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-121394","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121394","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=121394"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121394\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=121394"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=121394"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=121394"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}