{"id":10428,"date":"2021-01-19T03:13:58","date_gmt":"2021-01-18T19:13:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.idc.net\/10428\/"},"modified":"2022-04-29T14:34:15","modified_gmt":"2022-04-29T06:34:15","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bf%9d%e6%8a%a4-ubuntu-16-04-%e4%b8%8a%e7%9a%84-nginx-web-%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/10428\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4fdd\u62a4 Ubuntu 16.04 \u4e0a\u7684 NGINX Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f Let\u2019s Encrypt<\/h3>\n

Let\u2019s Encrypt \u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5b89\u5168\u7814\u7a76\u7ec4\u7ec7 \uff08ISRG\uff09 \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u514d\u8d39\u8bc1\u4e66\u8ba4\u8bc1\u673a\u6784\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u8f7b\u677e\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u514d\u8d39\u7684 SSL\/TLS \u8bc1\u4e66 - \u8fd9\u662f\u5728 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u542f\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u548c HTTPS \u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u8bc1\u4e66\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6b65\u9aa4\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u540d\u4e3a Certbot \u7684\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7279\u522b\u5730\uff0c\u8be5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ef\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 shell \u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8fde\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 certbot<\/code> \u83b7\u53d6\u514d\u8d39\u7684 SSL \u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u5e76\u5728 Ubuntu 16.04 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528 Nginx\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5 Certbot<\/h3>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u5b89\u88c5 certbot<\/code>\uff0c\u8be5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u51e0\u4e4e\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002 Certbot \u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u7ef4\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 Ubuntu \u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6bd4 Ubuntu \u4ed3\u5e93\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6dfb\u52a0 Certbot \u4ed3\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n

# add-apt-repository ppa:certbot\/certbot\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0 APT \u6e90\u5217\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n
# apt-get update\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b apt<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5 certbot<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n
# apt-get install certbot\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Certbot \u73b0\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u5f97\u8bc1\u4e66<\/h3>\n
\u6709\u5404\u79cd Certbot \u63d2\u4ef6\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6 SSL \u8bc1\u4e66\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63d2\u4ef6\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u800c\u8bc1\u4e66\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u548c Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u90fd\u7559\u7ed9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a Webroot<\/strong> \u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u6765\u83b7\u53d6 SSL \u8bc1\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u4fee\u6539\u6b63\u5728\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u63d2\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u8bc1\u4e66\u9881\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u505c\u6b62 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
\u914d\u7f6e NGINX<\/h4>\n
Webroot \u4f1a\u5728 Web \u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684 .well-known<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u57df\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cWeb \u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u662f \/var\/www\/html<\/code>\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u5728 Let\u2019s Encrypt \u9a8c\u8bc1\u65f6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u8bf7\u7f16\u8f91 NGINX \u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6253\u5f00 \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/default<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n
# $EDITOR \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/default\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728 server<\/code> \u5757\u5185\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n
 location ~ \/.well-known {\r\n    allow all;\r\n }\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\uff0c\u9000\u51fa\u5e76\u68c0\u67e5 NGINX \u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n
# nginx -t\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6ca1\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u8bdd\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
nginx: the configuration file \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf syntax is ok\r\nnginx: configuration file \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf test is successful\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u91cd\u542f NGINX\uff1a<\/p>\n
# systemctl restart nginx\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 Certbot \u83b7\u53d6\u8bc1\u4e66<\/h4>\n
\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 Certbot \u7684 Webroot \u63d2\u4ef6\u83b7\u53d6\u65b0\u8bc1\u4e66\u3002\u5728\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4fdd\u62a4\u793a\u4f8b\u57df www.example.com\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u5e94\u7531\u8bc1\u4e66\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u57df\u3002\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n
# certbot certonly --webroot --webroot-path=\/var\/www\/html -d www.example.com\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0cCerbot \u5c06\u8be2\u95ee\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u77e5\u3002\u8fd8\u4f1a\u8981\u6c42\u4e0e EFF \u5206\u4eab\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u3002\u5728\u540c\u610f\u670d\u52a1\u6761\u6b3e\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55 \/etc\/letsencrypt\/archive<\/code> \u5c06\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
  • chain.pem<\/code>\uff1aLet\u2019s Encrypt \u52a0\u5bc6\u94fe\u8bc1\u4e66\u3002<\/li>\n
  • cert.pem<\/code>\uff1a\u57df\u540d\u8bc1\u4e66\u3002<\/li>\n
  • fullchain.pem<\/code>\uff1acert.pem<\/code>\u548c chain.pem<\/code> \u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002<\/li>\n
  • privkey.pem<\/code>\uff1a\u8bc1\u4e66\u7684\u79c1\u94a5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    Certbot \u8fd8\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\u5230 \/etc\/letsencrypt\/live\/domain_name\/<\/code> \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8bc1\u4e66\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5728 NGINX \u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e SSL\/TLS<\/h3>\n
    \u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u5728 \/etc\/nginx\/snippets\/<\/code> \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u3002 snippet<\/strong> \u662f\u6307\u4e00\u6bb5\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u5728\u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n
    # $EDITOR \/etc\/nginx\/snippets\/secure-example.conf\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u8bc1\u4e66\u548c\u5bc6\u94a5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u7c98\u8d34\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n
    ssl_certificate \/etc\/letsencrypt\/live\/domain_name\/fullchain.pem;\r\nssl_certificate_key \/etc\/letsencrypt\/live\/domain_name\/privkey.pem;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cdomain_name<\/code> \u662f example.com<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u7f16\u8f91 NGINX \u914d\u7f6e<\/h4>\n
    \u7f16\u8f91\u9ed8\u8ba4\u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n
    # $EDITOR \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/default\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
    server {\r\n listen 80 default_server;\r\n listen [::]:80 default_server;\r\n server_name www.example.com\r\n return 301 https:\/\/$server_name$request_uri;\r\n\r\n # SSL configuration\r\n #\r\n listen 443 ssl default_server;\r\n listen [::]:443 ssl default_server;\r\n include snippets\/secure-example.conf\r\n #\r\n # Note: You should disable gzip for SSL traffic.\r\n # See: https:\/\/bugs.debian.org\/773332\r\n # ...
    }<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8fd9\u5c06\u542f\u7528 NGINX \u52a0\u5bc6\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4fdd\u5b58\u3001\u9000\u51fa\u5e76\u68c0\u67e5 NGINX \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n
    # nginx -t\r\n\r\nnginx: the configuration file \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf syntax is ok\r\nnginx: configuration file \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf test is successful\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u91cd\u542f NGINX\uff1a<\/p>\n
    # systemctl restart nginx\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n
    \u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u62e5\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e NGINX \u7684 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u7531 Certbot \u548c Let\u2019s Encrypt \u63d0\u4f9b\u52a0\u5bc6\u3002\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8bb8\u591a NGINX \u914d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u6240\u6709\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f Let\u2019s Encrypt Let\u2019s Encrypt \u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5b89\u5168\u7814\u7a76\u7ec4\u7ec7 \uff08ISRG\uff09 \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u514d\u8d39 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[34,28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10428","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","category-ubuntu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10428","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10428"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10428\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10428"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10428"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.net\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10428"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}