Bootstrap5 表单

在本章中，我们将学习如何使用 Bootstrap 创建表单。Bootstrap 通过一些简单的 HTML 标签和扩展的类即可创建出不同样式的表单。

表单元素 <input>, <textarea>, 和 <select> elements 在使用 .form-control 类的情况下，宽度都是设置为 100%。

Bootstrap5 表单布局

• 堆叠表单 (全屏宽度)：垂直方向
• 内联表单：水平方向

Bootstrap 提供了两种类型的表单布局:

堆叠表单

以下实例使用两个输入框，一个复选框，一个提交按钮来创建堆叠表单：

实例

<
form
>

<
div

class
=
"
mb-3 mt-3
"
>

<
label

for
=
"
email
"

class
=
"
form-label
"
>
Email:
</
label
>

<
input

type
=
"
email
"

class
=
"
form-control
"

id
=
"
email
"

placeholder
=
"
Enter email
"

name
=
"
email
"
>

</
div
>

<
div

class
=
"
mb-3
"
>

<
label

for
=
"
pwd
"

class
=
"
form-label
"
>
Password:
</
label
>

<
input

type
=
"
password
"

class
=
"
form-control
"

id
=
"
pwd
"

placeholder
=
"
Enter password
"

name
=
"
pswd
"
>

</
div
>

<
div

class
=
"
form-check mb-3
"
>

<
label

class
=
"
form-check-label
"
>

<
input

class
=
"
form-check-input
"

type
=
"
checkbox
"

name
=
"
remember
"
>
Remember me
</
label
>

</
div
>

<
button

type
=
"
submit
"

class
=
"
btn btn-primary
"
>
Submit
</
button
>

</
form
>

尝试一下 »

显示效果：

实例中我们使用 .form-label 类来确保标签元素有一定的内边距。

复选框（checkboxe）使用不同的标记。 它们使用 .form-check 包裹在容器元素周围。复选框和单选按钮使用 .form-check-input，它的标签可以使用 .form-check-label 类。

内联表单

如果您希望表单元素并排显示，请使用 .row 和 .col：

以下实例的两个输入框并排显示，创建内联表单：

实例

<
form
>

<
div

class
=
"
row
"
>

<
div

class
=
"
col
"
>

<
input

type
=
"
text
"

class
=
"
form-control
"

placeholder
=
"
Enter email
"

name
=
"
email
"
>

</
div
>

<
div

class
=
"
col
"
>

<
input

type
=
"
password
"

class
=
"
form-control
"

placeholder
=
"
Enter password
"

name
=
"
pswd
"
>

</
div
>

</
div
>

</
form
>

尝试一下 »

显示效果：

文本框

使用 textarea 标签创建文本框提交表单，使用 .form-control 类渲染文本框 textareas 标签:

实例

<
label

for
=
"
comment
"
>
请输入评论：
</
label
>

<
textarea

class
=
"
form-control
"

rows
=
"
5
"

id
=
"
comment
"

name
=
"
text
"
>
</
textarea
>

尝试一下 »

显示效果：

输入框大小

我们可以通过在 .form-control 输入框中使用 .form-control-lg 或 .form-control-sm 类来设置输入框的大小:

实例

<
input

type
=
"
text
"

class
=
"
form-control form-control-lg
"

placeholder
=
"
大号输入框
"
>

<
input

type
=
"
text
"

class
=
"
form-control
"

placeholder
=
"
正常大小输入框
"
>

<
input

type
=
"
text
"

class
=
"
form-control form-control-sm
"

placeholder
=
"
小号输入框
"
>

尝试一下 »

显示效果：

禁用/只读表单

使用 disabled/readonly 属性设置输入框禁用/只读：

实例

<
input

type
=
"
text
"

class
=
"
form-control
"

placeholder
=
"
Normal input
"
>

<
input

type
=
"
text
"

class
=
"
form-control
"

placeholder
=
"
Disabled input
"

disabled
>

<
input

type
=
"
text
"

class
=
"
form-control
"

placeholder
=
"
Readonly input
"

readonly
>

尝试一下 »

纯文本输入

使用 .form-control-plaintext 类可以删除输入框的边框：：

实例

<
input

type
=
"
text
"

class
=
"
form-control-plaintext
"

placeholder
=
"
Plaintext input
"
>

<
input

type
=
"
text
"

class
=
"
form-control
"

placeholder
=
"
Normal input
"
>

尝试一下 »

取色器

使用 .form-control-color 类可以创建一个取色器：

实例

<
input

type
=
"
color
"

class
=
"
form-control form-control-color
"

value
=
"
#CCCCCC
"
>

尝试一下 »

显示效果：